Hematological Research Group (HERG), Department of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway.
Haematologica. 2010 Dec;95(12):2088-94. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2009.020305. Epub 2010 Aug 26.
Previous studies have shown differences in the impact of regular physical exercise on the risk of venous thromboembolism. The inconsistent findings may have depended on differences in study design and specific population cohorts (men only, women only and elderly). We conducted a prospective, population-based cohort to investigate the impact of regular physical exercise on the risk of venous thromboembolism.
Risk factors, including self-reported moderate intensity physical exercise during leisure time, were recorded for 26,490 people aged 25-97 years old, who participated in a population health survey, the Tromsø study, in 1994-95. Incident venous thromboembolic events were registered during the follow-up until September 1, 2007.
There were 460 validated incident venous thromboembolic events (1.61 per 1000 person-years) during a median of 12.5 years of follow-up. Age, body mass index, the proportion of daily smokers, total cholesterol, and serum triglycerides decreased (P<0.001), whereas high density cholesterol increased (P<0.001) across categories of more physical exercise. Regular physical exercise of moderate to high intensity during leisure time did not significantly affect the risk of venous thromboembolism in the general population. However, compared to inactivity, high amounts of physical exercise (≥ 3 hours/week) tended to increase the risk of provoked venous thromboembolism (multivariable hazard ratio, 1.30; 95% confidence interval, 0.84-2.0), and total venous thromboembolism in the elderly (multivariable hazard ratio, 1.33; 95% confidence interval, 0.80-2.21) and in the obese (multivariable hazard ratio, 1.49; 95% confidence interval, 0.63-3.50). Contrariwise, compared to inactivity, moderate physical activity (1.0-2.9 hours/week) was associated with a border-line significant decreased risk of venous thromboembolism among subjects under 60 years old (multivariable hazard ratio, 0.72; 95% confidence interval, 0.48-1.08) and subjects with a body mass index of less than 25 kg/m(2) (multivariable hazard ratio, 0.59; 95% confidence interval, 0.35-1.01).
Our study showed that regular, moderate intensity physical exercise did not have a significant impact on the risk of venous thromboembolism in a general population. Future studies are required to assess the impact of regular physical exercise on venous thromboembolism risk in different population subgroups.
之前的研究表明，规律的体育锻炼对静脉血栓栓塞风险的影响存在差异。不一致的研究结果可能取决于研究设计和特定人群队列（仅男性、仅女性和老年人）的差异。我们进行了一项前瞻性、基于人群的队列研究，以调查规律的体育锻炼对静脉血栓栓塞风险的影响。
风险因素，包括在闲暇时间进行的中度强度体育锻炼，被记录在 26490 名年龄在 25-97 岁的人群中，他们参加了 1994-95 年的特罗姆瑟研究人群健康调查。在 2007 年 9 月 1 日之前的随访期间，登记了静脉血栓栓塞的发生事件。
在中位数为 12.5 年的随访期间，共发生 460 例经证实的静脉血栓栓塞事件（每 1000 人年 1.61 例）。年龄、体重指数、每日吸烟者比例、总胆固醇和血清甘油三酯降低（P<0.001），而高密度胆固醇增加（P<0.001）随体育锻炼程度增加而增加。在一般人群中，闲暇时间进行中度至高强度的规律体育锻炼并不显著影响静脉血栓栓塞的风险。然而，与不活动相比，大量的体育锻炼（≥3 小时/周）倾向于增加诱发静脉血栓栓塞的风险（多变量风险比，1.30；95%置信区间，0.84-2.0），以及老年人（多变量风险比，1.33；95%置信区间，0.80-2.21）和肥胖者（多变量风险比，1.49；95%置信区间，0.63-3.50）的总静脉血栓栓塞风险。相反，与不活动相比，中等强度的体育活动（1.0-2.9 小时/周）与 60 岁以下人群（多变量风险比，0.72；95%置信区间，0.48-1.08）和体重指数低于 25 kg/m2 的人群（多变量风险比，0.59；95%置信区间，0.35-1.01）静脉血栓栓塞风险的降低相关，但处于边缘显著水平。
我们的研究表明，规律的、中等强度的体育锻炼对一般人群静脉血栓栓塞风险没有显著影响。需要进一步的研究来评估规律的体育锻炼对不同人群亚组静脉血栓栓塞风险的影响。
