Department of Management, Quinnipiac University, 275 Mount Carmel Avenue, Hamden, CT 06518, USA.
J Community Health. 2011 Apr;36(2):253-60. doi: 10.1007/s10900-010-9305-y.
Asthma is a leading chronic illness among American children. School-based health clinics (SBHCs) reduced expensive ER visits and hospitalizations through better healthcare access and monitoring in select case studies. The purpose of this study was to examine the cost-benefit of SBHC programs in managing childhood asthma nationwide for reduction in medical costs of ER, hospital and outpatient physician care and savings in opportunity social costs of lowing absenteeism and work loss and of future earnings due to premature deaths. Eight public data sources were used to compare costs of delivering primary and preventive care for childhood asthma in the US via SBHC programs, including direct medical and indirect opportunity costs for children and their parents. The costs of nurse staffing for a nationwide SBHC program were estimated at $4.55 billion compared to the estimated medical savings of $1.69 billion, including ER, hospital, and outpatient care. In contrast, estimated total savings for opportunity costs of work loss and premature death were $23.13 billion. Medical savings alone would not offset the expense of implementing a SBHC program for prevention and monitoring childhood asthma. However, even modest estimates of reducing opportunity costs of parents' work loss would be far greater than the expense of this program. Although SBHC programs would not be expected to affect the increasing prevalence of childhood asthma, these programs would be designed to reduce the severity of asthma condition with ongoing monitoring, disease prevention and patient compliance.
哮喘是美国儿童的主要慢性疾病之一。在一些精选案例研究中,通过更好的医疗保健获取和监测,学校保健诊所(SBHC)减少了昂贵的急诊室就诊和住院治疗。本研究的目的是研究 SBHC 计划在管理全国范围内儿童哮喘方面的成本效益,以减少急诊室、医院和门诊医生护理的医疗费用,并节省因旷工和工作损失以及因过早死亡而导致的未来收入损失的机会社会成本。使用了八个公共数据源来比较通过 SBHC 计划在美国为儿童哮喘提供初级和预防保健的成本,包括儿童及其父母的直接医疗和间接机会成本。与估计的 16.9 亿美元的医疗节省额(包括急诊室、医院和门诊护理)相比,全国 SBHC 计划的护士人员配备成本估计为 45.5 亿美元。相比之下,工作损失和过早死亡的机会成本总节省额估计为 231.3 亿美元。仅医疗节省额不足以抵消实施 SBHC 计划用于预防和监测儿童哮喘的费用。然而,即使是对减少父母工作损失机会成本的适度估计,也将远远超过该计划的费用。尽管 SBHC 计划预计不会影响儿童哮喘发病率的增加,但这些计划旨在通过持续监测、疾病预防和患者依从性来减轻哮喘病情的严重程度。