King Abdulaziz Medical City, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2010 Oct;31(10):1004-10. doi: 10.1086/656241.
Certain emerging infections, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome and avian influenza, represent a great risk to healthcare workers (HCWs). There are few data about the epidemiology of H1N1 influenza among HCWs.
We conducted a prospective surveillance study for all HCWs at King Abdulaziz Medical City (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) who were confirmed positive for H1N1 influenza by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from June 1 through November 30, 2009.
During 6 months of surveillance, 526 HCWs were confirmed positive for H1N1 influenza. The distribution of these cases showed 2 clear outbreaks: an initial outbreak (peak at early August) and a shorter second wave (peak at end of October). Among all PCR-confirmed cases, the attack rate was significantly higher in clinical HCWs than in nonclinical HCWs (6.0% vs 4.3%; P < .001) and in HCWs in emergency departments than in HCWs in other hospital locations (17.4% vs 5.0%, P < .001). The percentage of HCWs who received regular influenza vaccination was greater for clinical HCWs than for nonclinical HCWs (46.2% vs 24.6%; P < .001). The majority of HCWs with confirmed H1N1 influenza were young (mean age + or - standard deviation, 34.5 + or - 9.5 years), not Saudi (58.4%), female (55.1%), and nurses (36.1%). Approximately 4% of women who were less than 50 years old were pregnant. Reported exposures included contact with a case (41.0%), contact with a sick household member (23.8%), and recent travel history (13.3%). Respiratory symptoms (98.0%), including cough (90.1%), were the most frequently reported symptoms, followed by muscle aches (66.2%), fever (62.5%), headache (57.9%), diarrhea (16.5%), and vomiting (9.8%). None of these HCWs died, and all recovered fully without hospital admission.
The results confirm the vulnerability of HCWs, whether clinical or nonclinical, to emerging H1N1 influenza.
某些新出现的传染病，如严重急性呼吸系统综合征和禽流感，对医护人员（HCWs）构成了巨大威胁。有关 H1N1 流感在 HCWs 中的流行病学数据很少。
我们对 2009 年 6 月 1 日至 11 月 30 日期间在沙特阿拉伯利雅得阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王医疗城通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）确诊的所有 H1N1 流感 HCWs 进行了前瞻性监测研究。
在 6 个月的监测期间，有 526 名 HCWs 被确诊为 H1N1 流感。这些病例的分布显示出 2 次明显的暴发：一次初始暴发（8 月初达到高峰）和一次较短的第二波暴发（10 月底达到高峰）。在所有经 PCR 确诊的病例中，临床 HCWs 的发病率明显高于非临床 HCWs（6.0%比 4.3%；P<0.001），急诊科 HCWs 的发病率高于其他医院地点的 HCWs（17.4%比 5.0%，P<0.001）。接受常规流感疫苗接种的 HCWs 中，临床 HCWs 多于非临床 HCWs（46.2%比 24.6%；P<0.001）。确诊患有 H1N1 流感的 HCWs 大多数为年轻人（平均年龄+或-标准差，34.5+或-9.5 岁），非沙特人（58.4%）、女性（55.1%）和护士（36.1%）。大约 4%的不到 50 岁的女性怀孕。报告的接触包括接触病例（41.0%）、接触患病家庭成员（23.8%）和近期旅行史（13.3%）。呼吸道症状（98.0%），包括咳嗽（90.1%），是最常报告的症状，其次是肌肉疼痛（66.2%）、发热（62.5%）、头痛（57.9%）、腹泻（16.5%）和呕吐（9.8%）。这些 HCWs 均未死亡，并且无需住院即可完全康复。
结果证实了临床或非临床 HCWs 易感染新出现的 H1N1 流感。
