Dept of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany St, Talbot 420E, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
Clin Infect Dis. 2010 Oct 1;51(7):806-12. doi: 10.1086/656238.
Anisakidosis, human infection with nematodes of the family Anisakidae, is caused most commonly by Anisakis simplex and Pseudoterranova decipiens. Acquired by the consumption of raw or undercooked marine fish or squid, anisakidosis occurs where such dietary customs are practiced, including Japan, coastal regions of Europe, and the United States. Severe epigastric pain, resulting from larval invasion of the gastric mucosa, characterizes gastric anisakidosis; other syndromes are intestinal and ectopic. Allergic anisakidosis is a frequent cause of foodborne allergies in areas with heavy fish consumption or occupational exposure. Diagnosis and treatment of gastric disease is usually made by a compatible dietary history and visualization and removal of the larva(e) on endoscopy; serologic testing for anti-A. simplex immunoglobulin E can aid in the diagnosis of intestinal, ectopic and allergic disease. Intestinal and/or ectopic cases may require surgical removal; albendazole has been used occasionally. Preventive measures include adequately freezing or cooking fish.
类圆线虫病，由圆线科线虫引起的人类感染，最常见的病原体是简单异尖线虫和拟态真异尖线虫。通过食用生的或未煮熟的海鱼或鱿鱼而获得，这种疾病发生在有这种饮食习惯的地区，包括日本、欧洲沿海地区和美国。由于幼虫侵犯胃黏膜，导致严重的上腹痛，这是胃类圆线虫病的特征；其他综合征是肠道和异位。过敏类圆线虫病是鱼类消费量大或职业暴露地区食源性过敏的常见原因。胃疾病的诊断和治疗通常通过与饮食史相符和内镜下可视化和取出幼虫来进行；针对简单异尖线虫免疫球蛋白 E 的血清学检测有助于诊断肠道、异位和过敏疾病。肠道和/或异位病例可能需要手术切除；阿苯达唑偶尔也被使用。预防措施包括充分冷冻或烹饪鱼类。
