Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan.
Int J Food Microbiol. 2010 Jan 31;137(1):88-93. doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2009.10.001. Epub 2009 Oct 20.
It has been reported that nearly all cases of anisakiasis in Japan are caused by Anisakis simplex sensu stricto. To elucidate this further, we investigated the presence of Anisakis type I larvae and Pseudoterranova decipiens in 218 Scomber japonicus fish collected from the seas of Japan. Anisakis type I larvae were detected in 74.3% (162/218) of the fish, and 99.8% of the Anisakis type I larvae comprised A. simplex sensu stricto and Anisakis pegreffii. Molecular identification techniques were used for 7.5% (360/4806) of the Anisakis type I larvae. The larvae found in the fish of the Pacific stock (the Pacific coast of Japan) and the Tsushima Warm Current stock (the East China Sea and the Sea of Japan) were primarily A. simplex sensu stricto and A. pegreffii, respectively. In addition, for the first time in Japan, Anisakis simplex C and Anisakis ziphidarum were detected in the fish of the Pacific stock. The average number of A. pegreffii and A. simplex sensu stricto larvae per fish was 47 and 6, respectively. However, the average number (0.61 larvae) of A. simplex sensu stricto in the muscle per fish was 12 times the average number (0.05 larvae) of A. pegreffii. When fish on the purchased day were compared with those held at 4 degrees C and 20 degrees C for 20h, the penetration rates (ratio of the number of larvae detected in the muscle to the total number of larvae detected) of A. pegreffii and A. simplex sensu stricto were as high as 1.8% and 5.8%, respectively. In conclusion, we suggest that anisakiasis in Japan is mainly caused by A. simplex sensu stricto because it penetrates the muscle of the fish at a higher rate than A. pegreffii.
据报道，在日本几乎所有的异尖线虫病都是由单纯异尖线虫引起的。为了进一步阐明这一点，我们调查了从日本海域采集的 218 条竹荚鱼中是否存在异尖线虫 I 期幼虫和伪虎鲸线虫。在 74.3%（162/218）的鱼中检测到异尖线虫 I 期幼虫，其中 99.8%的异尖线虫 I 期幼虫由单纯异尖线虫和拟虎鲸线虫组成。我们对 7.5%（360/4806）的异尖线虫 I 期幼虫进行了分子鉴定技术。在来自太平洋种群（日本太平洋沿岸）和对马暖流种群（东海和日本海）的鱼中发现的幼虫主要是单纯异尖线虫和拟虎鲸线虫。此外，在日本首次检测到太平洋种群的异尖线虫 C 和棘异尖线虫。太平洋种群鱼中每尾鱼的异尖线虫和单纯异尖线虫幼虫的平均数量分别为 47 条和 6 条。然而，每尾鱼肌肉中单纯异尖线虫的平均数量（0.61 条）是拟虎鲸线虫的 12 倍（0.05 条）。当比较当天购买的鱼与在 4°C 和 20°C 下保存 20 小时的鱼时，拟虎鲸线虫和单纯异尖线虫的穿透率（肌肉中检测到的幼虫数与检测到的幼虫总数的比例）分别高达 1.8%和 5.8%。综上所述，我们认为日本的异尖线虫病主要是由单纯异尖线虫引起的，因为它比拟虎鲸线虫更容易穿透鱼的肌肉。
