Akinbami Felix Olukayode, Hamzat Tal-Hatu Kolapo, Orimadegun Adebola Emmanuel, Tongo Olukemi, Oyeyemi Lukman, Okafor Olubukola, Akinyinka Olusegun Olusina
Department of Paediatrics, University College Hospital, and Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2010;19(3):295-300.
Malnutrition remains a public health problem and a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality among children less than 5 years, in spite of global efforts at improving nutrition.
To examine the impact of nutritional status, by measured anthropometric indices and derived body composition, on disease outcomes in under-5 children hospitalised in an emergency unit.
All (n=164) consecutive children aged 12-59 months admitted into the Children Emergency Ward of the University College Hospital, Ibadan over a 3 month period (May to July, 2007) had weight, length/height, mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) and skin fold thicknesses recorded. The BMI, Rohrer index, z-scores for weight-for-height and weight-for-age were calculated. Malnutrition was defined as z scores<-2. Other derived parameters included Arm-Fat-Area (AFA), Arm-Muscle-Area (AMA), Upper-Arm-Muscle-Estimate (UME), and Total-Upper-Arm-Area (TUA). Relative risk was calculated and logistic regression was used to determine which variables independently predict death.
There were 153 survivors and 11 deaths giving an overall death rate of 6.7%. The mean age of survivors (26.7+/-12.5 months) compared with those who died (23.1+/-12.1 months) were similar (p>0.05). The risk of death was significantly higher among the malnourished compared with the well nourished. The TUA, AMA and UME of those who died were significantly lower than survivors' (p<0.05). MUAC remained an independent predictor of death among other measured and derived anthropometric indices.
MUAC remains a useful anthropometric measurement for nutritional assessment and an independent predictor of survival among hospitalised under-5 children in Nigeria.
尽管全球都在努力改善营养状况，但营养不良仍然是一个公共卫生问题，并且是导致5岁以下儿童发病和死亡的一个重要因素。
通过测量人体测量指标和推导身体组成，研究营养状况对在急诊科住院的5岁以下儿童疾病转归的影响。
在3个月期间（2007年5月至7月），所有连续入住伊巴丹大学学院医院儿童急诊科的12至59个月大儿童（n = 164）均记录了体重、身长/身高、上臂中部周长（MUAC）和皮褶厚度。计算了体重指数（BMI）、罗勒指数、身高别体重和年龄别体重的z评分。营养不良定义为z评分＜-2。其他推导参数包括臂脂肪面积（AFA）、臂肌肉面积（AMA）、上臂肌肉估计值（UME）和总上臂面积（TUA）。计算相对风险，并使用逻辑回归确定哪些变量可独立预测死亡。
共有153名幸存者和11例死亡，总死亡率为6.7%。幸存者的平均年龄（26.7±12.5个月）与死亡者（23.1±12.1个月）相似（p＞0.05）。与营养良好的儿童相比，营养不良儿童的死亡风险显著更高。死亡者的TUA、AMA和UME显著低于幸存者（p＜0.05）。在其他测量和推导的人体测量指标中，MUAC仍然是死亡的独立预测因素。
在尼日利亚，MUAC仍然是一种用于营养评估的有用人体测量指标，并且是住院5岁以下儿童生存的独立预测因素。
