Yeung Daniel Chi-shing, Hui Stanley Sai-chuen
Department of Kinesiology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2010;19(3):350-7.
Validity and reliability of skinfold equations in estimating body fat in Chinese Children has not been documented.
Using Air Displacement Plethysmography (ADP) as a criterion, the validity and reliability of skinfold (SKF) measurement in predicting percent body fat (% fat) of Chinese children in Hong Kong were evaluated.
230 Chinese children in Hong Kong were recruited to participate in measurements of ADP, body height and weight, waist and arm circumferences, and skinfold (SKF) from different body sites. A sub-sample of 41 participants was asked to take an additional measurement of Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA). % fat was measured from ADP, DXA, and estimated from Slaughter SKF equations.
internal consistency of SKF and ADP measurements were very high (r>or=0.988). Significant difference was found between % fat Slaughter and % fat ADP (p<0.05). The Slaughter equations slightly underestimate %fat (boys: 1.52%; girls: 1.84%). The slope of the regression line for boys and both the slope and intercept of regression line for prepubescent girls were significantly different from the line of identity. Subsequent stepwise regression found the best model for boys includes predictors of height, and Sigma3SKF (triceps, calf, and suprailiac) (R2=0.88, see=3.70), and that for girls includes height, Sigma2SKF (triceps and calf), and waist circumference (R2=0.71, see=3.38). The most convenient model for both genders required only triceps and age (boys: R2=0.81, see=4.67; girls: R2=0.63, see=3.77).
Skinfold measurements provide valid and reliable %fat estimation in Chinese children. However, the application of Slaughter equations in Chinese children is questionable. Alternative skinfold models are proposed.
尚未有文献记载皮褶厚度方程在中国儿童体脂估计中的有效性和可靠性。
以空气置换体积描记法（ADP）作为标准，评估香港中国儿童皮褶厚度（SKF）测量在预测体脂百分比（%脂肪）方面的有效性和可靠性。
招募230名香港中国儿童参与ADP测量、身高体重测量、腰围和臂围测量以及不同身体部位的皮褶厚度（SKF）测量。41名参与者的子样本被要求额外进行双能X线吸收法（DXA）测量。通过ADP、DXA测量%脂肪，并根据斯劳特SKF方程进行估计。
SKF和ADP测量的内部一致性非常高（r≥0.988）。发现斯劳特%脂肪和ADP%脂肪之间存在显著差异（p<0.05）。斯劳特方程略微低估了%脂肪（男孩：1.52%；女孩：1.84%）。男孩回归线的斜率以及青春期前女孩回归线的斜率和截距与恒等线显著不同。随后的逐步回归发现，男孩的最佳模型包括身高和Sigma3SKF（肱三头肌、小腿和髂嵴上）预测因子（R2 = 0.88，标准误 = 3.70），女孩的最佳模型包括身高、Sigma2SKF（肱三头肌和小腿）和腰围（R2 = 0.71，标准误 = 3.38）。对两性而言，最便捷的模型仅需肱三头肌和年龄（男孩：R2 = 0.81，标准误 = 4.67；女孩：R2 = 0.63，标准误 = 3.77）。
皮褶厚度测量为中国儿童提供了有效且可靠的%脂肪估计。然而，斯劳特方程在中国儿童中的应用存在疑问。提出了替代的皮褶厚度模型。
