赋予自我更新和分化能力：线粒体在干细胞中的作用。
Empowering self-renewal and differentiation: the role of mitochondria in stem cells.
机构信息
Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Ave. MC 6080, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
出版信息
J Mol Med (Berl). 2010 Oct;88(10):981-6. doi: 10.1007/s00109-010-0678-2. Epub 2010 Sep 1.
Abstract
Stem cells are characterized by their multi-lineage differentiation potential (pluripotency) and their ability for self-renewal, which permits them to proliferate while avoiding lineage commitment and senescence. Recent studies demonstrate that undifferentiated, pluripotent stem cells display lower levels of mitochondrial mass and oxidative phosphorylation, and instead preferentially use non-oxidative glycolysis as a major source of energy. Hypoxia is a potent suppressor of mitochondrial oxidation and appears to promote "stemness" in adult and embryonic stem cells. This has lead to an emerging paradigm, that mitochondrial oxidative metabolism is not just an indicator of the undifferentiated state of stem cells, but may also regulate the pluripotency and self-renewal of stem cells. The identification of specific mitochondrial pathways that regulate stem cell fate may therefore enable metabolic programming and reprogramming of stem cells.
摘要
干细胞的特征是其多能性分化潜能（多能性）和自我更新能力，这使其能够增殖，同时避免谱系承诺和衰老。最近的研究表明，未分化的多能干细胞显示出较低水平的线粒体质量和氧化磷酸化，而是优先使用非氧化糖酵解作为主要的能量来源。缺氧是线粒体氧化的有力抑制剂，似乎促进了成体和胚胎干细胞的“干性”。这导致了一个新兴的范例，即线粒体氧化代谢不仅是干细胞未分化状态的指标，而且可能调节干细胞的多能性和自我更新。因此，鉴定调节干细胞命运的特定线粒体途径可能使代谢编程和干细胞的重编程成为可能。
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