Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
J Appl Toxicol. 2010 Aug;30(6):574-81. doi: 10.1002/jat.1528.
Toxicant sensing technology has evolved to include biological sensors, such as cell-based biosensors, which rely on viable cells to convey a measurable physiological signal. Chromatophores are a class of pigment cells that have been investigated as cell-based biosensors. We report the characterization of Oncorhynchus tshawytscha melanophores and describe the melanophore pigment response to neurotransmitters in terms of pigment area occupied. Compared with the previously described model, Betta splendens erythrophores, O. tshawytscha melanophores responded similarly, indicating that pigment responses are biologically conserved between these two species. Additionally, melanophores responded to mercuric chloride and sodium arsenite, similar to B. splendens erythrophores, suggesting that melanophores can be used as detectors for environmental toxicants. This report highlights the potential of O. tshawytscha melanophores to be used as cell-based biosensors to address environmental toxicity, and warrants a continued investigation to strengthen this technology and its applications.
毒剂感应技术已经发展到包括生物传感器，如基于细胞的生物传感器，它依赖于存活细胞来传递可测量的生理信号。色素细胞是一类已被研究作为基于细胞的生物传感器的色素细胞。我们报告了 Oncorhynchus tshawytscha 黑素细胞的特征，并描述了黑素细胞色素对神经递质的反应，以色素区域占据表示。与之前描述的模型，Betta splendens 血红细胞相比，O. tshawytscha 黑素细胞反应相似，表明这两个物种之间的色素反应在生物学上是保守的。此外，黑素细胞对氯化汞和亚砷酸钠的反应与 Betta splendens 血红细胞相似，表明黑素细胞可以用作环境毒物的探测器。本报告强调了 O. tshawytscha 黑素细胞作为基于细胞的生物传感器用于解决环境毒性的潜力，并值得进一步研究以加强这项技术及其应用。
