Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, VA Medical Center and Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
Int Rev Neurobiol. 2010;91:173-204. doi: 10.1016/S0074-7742(10)91006-4.
Alcoholism is a complex clinical disorder with genetic and environmental contributions. Although no animal model duplicates alcoholism, models for specific factors, such as the withdrawal syndrome, are useful to identify potential genetic determinants of liability in humans. Murine models have been invaluable to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that influence a variety of alcohol responses. However, the QTL regions are typically large, at least initially, and contain numerous genes, making identification of the causal quantitative trait gene(s) (QTGs) challenging. Here, we present QTG identification strategies currently used in the field of alcohol genetics and discuss relevance to alcoholic human populations.
酒精中毒是一种具有遗传和环境因素的复杂临床疾病。虽然没有动物模型可以复制酒精中毒，但对于特定因素（如戒断综合征）的模型对于确定人类易感性的潜在遗传决定因素是有用的。小鼠模型对于鉴定影响各种酒精反应的数量性状基因座（QTL）非常有价值。然而，QTL 区域通常很大，至少在最初是这样，并且包含许多基因，这使得鉴定因果数量性状基因（QTG）具有挑战性。在这里，我们介绍目前在酒精遗传学领域使用的 QTG 鉴定策略，并讨论其与酗酒人群的相关性。
