连接动物模型与人类模型：从动物遗传学（及向动物遗传学）进行转化
Bridging Animal and Human Models: Translating From (and to) Animal Genetics.
作者信息
Barkley-Levenson Amanda M, Crabbe John C
机构信息
Portland Alcohol Research Center, Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, and VA Medical Center, Portland, Oregon.
出版信息
Alcohol Res. 2012;34(3):325-35.
Genetics play an important role in the development and course of alcohol abuse, and understanding genetic contributions to this disorder may lead to improved preventative and therapeutic strategies in the future. Studies both in humans and in animal models are necessary to fully understand the neurobiology of alcoholism from the molecular to the cognitive level. By dissecting the complex facets of alcoholism into discrete, well-defined phenotypes that are measurable in both human populations and animal models of the disease, researchers will be better able to translate findings across species and integrate the knowledge obtained from various disciplines. Some of the key areas of alcoholism research where consilience between human and animal studies is possible are alcohol withdrawal severity, sensitivity to rewards, impulsivity, and dysregulated alcohol consumption.
遗传学在酒精滥用的发展和病程中起着重要作用，了解基因对这种疾病的影响可能会在未来带来更好的预防和治疗策略。对人类和动物模型进行研究对于从分子水平到认知水平全面理解酒精中毒的神经生物学都是必要的。通过将酒精中毒的复杂方面分解为在人类群体和该疾病的动物模型中均可测量的离散、明确的表型，研究人员将能够更好地跨物种转化研究结果，并整合从各个学科获得的知识。人类和动物研究之间可能达成共识的酒精中毒研究的一些关键领域包括戒酒严重程度、对奖励的敏感性、冲动性以及酒精消费失调。
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