University of Missouri, Department of Child Health, Children's Hospital, 404 Keene Street, Neonatology Suite 206, Columbia, MO 65201, USA.
Clin Perinatol. 2010 Sep;37(3):565-79. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2010.05.006.
Bacterial translocation from the gastrointestinal tract is an important pathway initiating late-onset sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis in very low-birth-weight infants. The emerging intestinal microbiota, nascent intestinal epithelia, naive immunity, and suboptimal nutrition (lack of breast milk) have roles in facilitating bacterial translocation. Feeding lactoferrin, probiotics, or prebiotics has presented exciting possibilities to prevent bacterial translocation in preterm infants, and clinical trials will identify the most safe and efficacious prevention and treatment strategies.
细菌从胃肠道易位是极低出生体重儿发生晚发性败血症和坏死性小肠结肠炎的重要途径。不断发展的肠道微生物群、新生肠道上皮、幼稚免疫系统和不理想的营养（缺乏母乳）在促进细菌易位方面发挥作用。乳铁蛋白、益生菌或益生元的喂养为预防早产儿细菌易位提供了令人兴奋的可能性，临床试验将确定最安全有效的预防和治疗策略。
