Aleem Aamer
Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2010 Sep;21(5):903-8.
Renal involvement in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Proteinuria is common in patients with SCD and is a risk factor for future development of renal failure. We sought to identify risk factors, if any, associated with proteinuria in adult Saudi patients with SCD. We studied 67 patients with SCD followed-up at the King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. All patients underwent 24-hour urine collection to measure creatinine clearance and to quantify proteinuria. In addition, blood was examined for evaluation of hematological and biochemical parameters. Clinical information was gathered from review of the patients' charts. A urine protein level of more than 0.150 grams/24 hours was considered abnormal. Urine protein was correlated with various clinical and laboratory parameters. Thirty-one males and 36 females were evaluated. The mean age of the cohort was 23.8 (± 7.2) years. Twenty-seven patients (40.3%) had proteinuria of more than 0.150 grams/24 hours. The study group had a mean hemoglobin level of 8.5 (± 2.8) g/dL and mean fetal hemoglobin (HbF) level of 14.4% (± 7.3%). Majority of the patients (61) had hemoglobin SS genotype and six patients had S-ß⁰ thalassemia. None of the parameters evaluated correlated with proteinuria although there was a borderline association with older age and higher systolic blood pressure (P = 0.073 and 0.061 respectively). Hydroxyurea use for more than a year was not beneficial. In conclusion, our study suggests that proteinuria in adult Saudi patients is not associated with any clear identifiable risk factors.
镰状细胞病（SCD）患者的肾脏受累与显著的发病率和死亡率相关。蛋白尿在SCD患者中很常见，并且是未来发生肾衰竭的一个危险因素。我们试图确定成年沙特SCD患者中与蛋白尿相关的危险因素（如果有的话）。我们研究了在沙特阿拉伯利雅得的哈立德国王大学医院接受随访的67例SCD患者。所有患者均进行了24小时尿液收集，以测量肌酐清除率并定量蛋白尿。此外，还对血液进行了检查，以评估血液学和生化参数。通过查阅患者病历收集临床信息。尿蛋白水平超过0.150克/24小时被认为异常。尿蛋白与各种临床和实验室参数相关。对31名男性和36名女性进行了评估。该队列的平均年龄为23.8（±7.2）岁。27例患者（40.3%）的蛋白尿超过0.150克/24小时。研究组的平均血红蛋白水平为8.5（±2.8）g/dL，平均胎儿血红蛋白（HbF）水平为14.4%（±7.3%）。大多数患者（61例）具有血红蛋白SS基因型，6例患者患有S-β⁰地中海贫血。尽管与年龄较大和收缩压较高存在临界关联（分别为P = 未找到相关内容 0.073和0.061），但所评估的参数均与蛋白尿无关。使用羟基脲超过一年并无益处。总之，我们的研究表明，成年沙特患者的蛋白尿与任何明确可识别的危险因素均无关。
