Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2010;13(2):162-74. doi: 10.18433/j3ds3r.
Poor production of breast milk is the most frequent cause of breast lactation failure. Often, physician prescribe medications or other substances to solve this problem. The use of galactogogues should be limited to those situations in which reduced milk production from treatable causes has been excluded. One of the most frequent indication for the use of galactogogues is the diminution of milk production in mothers using indirect lactation, particularly in the case of preterm birth. The objective of this review is to analyze to the literature relating to the principal drugs used as galactogogues (metoclopramide, domperidone, chlorpromazine, sulpiride, oxytocin, growth hormone, thyrotrophin releasing hormone, medroxyprogesterone). Have been also analyzed galactogogues based on herbs and other natural substances (fenugreek, galega and milk thistle). We have evaluated their mechanism of action, transfer to maternal milk, effectiveness and potential side effects for mother and infant, suggested doses for galactogogic effect, and recommendation for breastfeeding.
母乳产量不足是导致母乳喂养失败的最常见原因。通常，医生会开一些药物或其他物质来解决这个问题。只有在排除了可治疗原因导致的乳汁分泌减少后，才应将催乳剂的使用限制在这些情况下。使用催乳剂最常见的指征之一是使用间接哺乳的母亲的乳汁产量减少，尤其是早产儿的情况。本综述的目的是分析与主要用作催乳剂的药物（甲氧氯普胺、多潘立酮、氯丙嗪、舒必利、催产素、生长激素、促甲状腺素释放激素、甲羟孕酮）相关的文献。我们还分析了基于草药和其他天然物质（葫芦巴、美拉托宁和水飞蓟素）的催乳剂。我们评估了它们的作用机制、向母乳中的转移、对母亲和婴儿的有效性和潜在副作用、催乳效果的建议剂量以及对母乳喂养的建议。
