Ellart D, Houze de l'Aulnoit H, Corette L, Delcroix M, Brabant G
Département de Gynécologie-Obstétrique de la Faculté Libre de de Médecine de Lille, Centre Hospitalier Saint-Philibert, Lomme.
J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris). 1990;19(8):967-78.
Pelvic ultrasound has become very important in the diagnostic planning of utero-vaginal malformations. Having studies 93 congenital malformations of the utero-vaginal tract, the authors used ultrasound investigations as a first or second line of approach. They are able to describe the way ultrasound can be used for each type of malformation. Ultrasound is undeniably reliable for diagnosing bilateral incomplete aplasia of the uterus; so avoiding the need for laparoscopy. When failure of the uterus to develop on one side occurs it is possible to look for a closed or canalized rudimentary uterine nodule to confirm the diagnosis of a pseudo-unicorn uterus. The diagnosis by ultrasound of a bifid uterus shows up by the appearance of a "V" shape on the bladder. An intra-uterine septum can be diagnosed according to how serious the embryological abnormality is on ultrasound. Similarly the difference between a bicornuate uterus that is really just arcuate or partially septate cannot always be made with ultrasound because the embryological defect is a relatively minor one. Ultrasound examination is able to give a lot of information in diagnosing and calculating how much of the menstrual fluid is held back either on one side or completely. Its value is less when the two sides of the uterus communicate with one another. Although this way of examining patients may make it possible quite often to avoid carrying out hysterosalpingogram and laparoscopy, its greatest value is found when all methods of diagnosis are combined and interpreted in the context of a clinical situation.
盆腔超声在子宫阴道畸形的诊断规划中已变得非常重要。作者对93例子宫阴道先天性畸形进行了研究，将超声检查作为首要或二线检查方法。他们能够描述超声用于每种畸形类型的方式。超声在诊断双侧子宫不完全发育不全方面无疑是可靠的，因此无需进行腹腔镜检查。当一侧子宫发育失败时，可以寻找闭合或已形成管道的残角子宫结节以确诊双角子宫。超声诊断双子宫表现为膀胱上出现“V”形。子宫纵隔可根据超声上胚胎学异常的严重程度进行诊断。同样，真正只是弓形或部分纵隔的双角子宫与双角子宫之间的区别，超声并不总能区分，因为胚胎学缺陷相对较小。超声检查在诊断和计算一侧或完全潴留的经量方面能够提供很多信息。当子宫两侧相互连通时，其价值就会降低。尽管这种检查患者的方法常常可以避免进行子宫输卵管造影和腹腔镜检查，但其最大价值在于将所有诊断方法结合起来，并在临床情况下进行解读。
