MacLeod Andrea A N, Sutton Ann, Trudeau Natacha, Thordardottir Elin
Département de réadaptation, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2011 Apr;13(2):93-109. doi: 10.3109/17549507.2011.487543. Epub 2010 Sep 7.
This study provides a systematic description of French consonant acquisition in a large cohort of pre-school aged children: 156 children aged 20-53 months participated in a picture-naming task. Five analyses were conducted to study consonant acquisition: (1) consonant inventory, (2) consonant accuracy, (3) consonant acquisition, (4) a comparison of consonant inventory to consonant acquisition, and (5) a comparison to English cross-sectional data. Results revealed that more consonants emerge at an earlier age in word initial position, followed by medial position, and then word final position. Consonant accuracy underwent the greatest changes before the age of 36 months, and achieved a relative plateau towards 42 months. The acquisition of consonants revealed that four early consonants were acquired before the age of 36 months (i.e., /t, m, n, z/); 12 intermediate consonants were acquired between 36 and 53 months (i.e., /p, b, d, k, g, ν, f, v, [symbol in text], l, w, ч/); and four consonants were acquired after 53 months (/s, з, ∫, j/). In comparison to English data, language specific patterns emerged that influence the order and pace of phonological acquisition. These findings highlight the important role of language specific developmental data in understanding the course of consonant acquisition.
156名年龄在20至53个月的儿童参与了一项图片命名任务。进行了五项分析来研究辅音习得：（1）辅音清单，（2）辅音准确性，（3）辅音习得，（4）辅音清单与辅音习得的比较，以及（5）与英语横断面数据的比较。结果显示，更多的辅音在词首位置更早出现，其次是词中位置，然后是词尾位置。辅音准确性在36个月之前变化最大，在42个月左右达到相对平稳状态。辅音习得情况表明，四个早期辅音在36个月之前习得（即/t、m、n、z/）；12个中间辅音在36至53个月之间习得（即/p、b、d、k、g、ν、f、v、[文本中的符号]、l、w、ч/）；四个辅音在53个月之后习得（/s、з、∫、j/）。与英语数据相比，出现了影响语音习得顺序和速度的特定语言模式。这些发现凸显了特定语言发展数据在理解辅音习得过程中的重要作用。
