Bureau of Occupational and Environmental Diseases, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand.
Ind Health. 2011;49(1):37-46. doi: 10.2486/indhealth.ms1144. Epub 2010 Sep 1.
Powdered lead oxide (Pb(3)O(4)) is used in the wooden-boat repair industry as a constituent of the caulking material. This study compared skin lead of household members of caulkers' and control homes, and examined the relationship of household member's skin lead with household floor lead loading (FLL) and dust lead content (DLC). FLL and DLC were measured in 67 caulkers' houses and 46 nearby houses with no known lead exposure. In each household, wipe specimens of skin lead were obtained from one selected family member. Hand lead loading (HdLL) and foot lead loading (FtLL) were significantly higher in family members of caulkers than controls (geometric mean 64.4 vs. 36.2 μg m(-2); p = 0.002 and 77.8 vs 43.8 μg m(-2); p = 0.002, respectively). This pattern mirrored FLL and DLC, which were also higher in caulkers' than in control houses (geometric mean 109.9 vs. 40.1 μg m(-2); p<0.001 and 434.8 vs 80.8 μg g(-1); p<0.001, respectively). Multiple linear regression modelling revealed FLL to be a better predictor than DLC for HdLL in all age groups and for FtLL in adult family members. In conclusion, skin lead levels are elevated in family members living in a lead-exposed worker's house and are related to the levels of household lead contamination.
粉末状氧化铅（Pb(3)O(4)）在木质船维修行业中用作填缝材料的一种成分。本研究比较了补船工家庭和对照家庭的家庭成员的皮肤铅含量，并检验了家庭成员的皮肤铅含量与家庭地板铅负荷（FLL）和灰尘铅含量（DLC）的关系。在 67 个补船工家庭和 46 个附近没有已知铅暴露的家庭中测量了 FLL 和 DLC。在每个家庭中，从一名选定的家庭成员身上采集皮肤铅擦拭样本。补船工家庭成员的手部铅负荷（HdLL）和脚部铅负荷（FtLL）明显高于对照组（几何均数分别为 64.4μg/m² 和 77.8μg/m²；p=0.002 和 43.8μg/m² 和 43.8μg/m²；p=0.002）。这种模式与 FLL 和 DLC 相似，补船工家庭中的 FLL 和 DLC 也高于对照组（几何均数分别为 109.9μg/m² 和 434.8μg/g；p<0.001 和 40.1μg/m² 和 80.8μg/g；p<0.001）。多元线性回归模型表明，在所有年龄组中，FLL 比 DLC 更能预测 HdLL，而在成年家庭成员中，FLL 比 DLC 更能预测 FtLL。总之，生活在暴露于铅的工人家中的家庭成员的皮肤铅水平升高，并且与家庭铅污染水平有关。
