Lansford Jennifer E, Malone Patrick S, Dodge Kenneth A, Chang Lei, Chaudhary Nandita, Tapanya Sombat, Oburu Paul, Deater-Deckard Kirby
Duke University.
Int J Behav Dev. 2010 Sep;34(5):452-461. doi: 10.1177/0165025409354933.
Using data from 195 dyads of mothers and children (age range = 8-12 years; M = 10.63) in four countries (China, India, the Philippines, and Thailand), this study examined children's perceptions of maternal hostility as a mediator of the links between physical discipline and harsh verbal discipline and children's adjustment. Both physical discipline and harsh verbal discipline had direct effects on mothers' reports of children's anxiety and aggression; three of these four links were mediated by children's perceptions of maternal hostility. In contrast, there were no significant direct effects of physical discipline and harsh verbal discipline on children's reports of their own anxiety and aggression. Instead, both physical discipline and harsh verbal discipline had indirect effects on the outcomes through children's perceptions of maternal hostility. We identified a significant interaction between perceived normativeness and use of harsh verbal discipline on children's perception of maternal hostility, but children's perception of the normativeness of physical discipline did not moderate the relation between physical discipline and perceived maternal hostility. The effects of harsh verbal discipline were more adverse when children perceived that form of discipline as being nonnormative than when children perceived that form of discipline as being normative. Results are largely consistent with a theoretical model positing that the meaning children attach to parents' discipline strategies is important in understanding associations between discipline and children's adjustment, and that cultural context is associated with children's interpretations of their parents' behavior.
本研究利用来自中国、印度、菲律宾和泰国四个国家的195对母婴（年龄范围 = 8至12岁；平均年龄 = 10.63岁）的数据，考察了儿童对母亲敌意的认知，它作为身体惩罚和严厉言语惩罚与儿童适应之间联系的一个中介变量。身体惩罚和严厉言语惩罚都对母亲报告的儿童焦虑和攻击行为有直接影响；这四个联系中的三个是由儿童对母亲敌意的认知所介导的。相比之下，身体惩罚和严厉言语惩罚对儿童自我报告的焦虑和攻击行为没有显著直接影响。相反，身体惩罚和严厉言语惩罚都通过儿童对母亲敌意的认知对结果产生间接影响。我们发现，感知到的规范性与严厉言语惩罚的使用之间存在显著的交互作用，影响儿童对母亲敌意的认知，但儿童对身体惩罚规范性的认知并没有调节身体惩罚与感知到的母亲敌意之间的关系。当儿童认为那种形式的惩罚是非规范性的时，严厉言语惩罚的影响比当儿童认为那种形式的惩罚是规范性的时更不利。研究结果在很大程度上与一个理论模型一致，该模型认为儿童赋予父母管教策略的意义对于理解管教与儿童适应之间的关联很重要，而且文化背景与儿童对父母行为的解读有关。
