McCabe Kristen M, Mechammil Molly, Yeh May, Zerr Argero
Department of Psychological Sciences, University of San Diego, 5998 Alcala Park, San Diego, CA 92110, USA.
Child and Adolescent Services Research Center, 3665 Kearny Villa Road, MC 5033, San Diego, CA 92123, USA.
J Child Fam Stud. 2016 Feb;25(2):442-451. doi: 10.1007/s10826-015-0238-z. Epub 2015 Jul 17.
Behavioral parent training (BPT) interventions for child behavior problems have been based on decades of research that demonstrate links between particular parent behaviors and child externalizing problems. However, the majority of this research has been conducted with European-American (EA) families, and less is known about whether these findings can be generalized to Mexican Americans (MAs). In the current study, we investigated self-reported parenting practices that have been associated with externalizing behavior problems among EA families (harsh parenting, inconsistency, and low parental warmth), to determine if those practices can also differentiate MA mothers whose young children have clinically significant behavior problems from MA mothers whose children do not have behavior problems. Participants were 115 MA families with young children, 58 with a child with clinically significant behavior problems and 57 with a child in the normal range for such problems. Results indicated that MA mothers whose children have behavior problems self-reported significantly less warmth and consistency and more harsh parenting compared to parents whose children's behavior was in the normal range. These findings indicate that parenting behaviors that are associated with externalizing behavior problems among EA families are associated with the same problems among MA families with young children, suggesting that parent training interventions designed to target these behaviors are also likely to be relevant to MA families with children in this age range. However, findings also indicate that parenting behaviors differ depending on acculturation level, suggesting that BPT programs must respond to variation in normative parenting practices for MA families.
针对儿童行为问题的行为父母培训（BPT）干预措施是基于数十年的研究得出的，这些研究表明特定的父母行为与儿童外化问题之间存在联系。然而，这项研究大多是在欧美（EA）家庭中进行的，对于这些研究结果是否能推广到墨西哥裔美国人（MA）家庭，我们所知甚少。在当前的研究中，我们调查了在EA家庭中与外化行为问题相关的自我报告的养育方式（严厉养育、不一致和缺乏父母温暖），以确定这些方式是否也能区分孩子存在临床显著行为问题的MA母亲和孩子没有行为问题的MA母亲。参与者是115个有幼儿的MA家庭，其中58个家庭的孩子存在临床显著行为问题，57个家庭的孩子行为处于正常范围。结果表明，与孩子行为处于正常范围的父母相比，孩子有行为问题的MA母亲自我报告的温暖和一致性明显较少，严厉养育较多。这些发现表明，在EA家庭中与外化行为问题相关的养育行为在有幼儿的MA家庭中也与同样的问题相关，这表明旨在针对这些行为的父母培训干预措施也可能与这个年龄段孩子的MA家庭相关。然而，研究结果也表明，养育行为因文化适应水平而异，这表明BPT项目必须应对MA家庭中规范养育方式的差异。
