Dehaan Laura, Boljevac Tina
Psychology Department of Calvin College.
J Child Adolesc Subst Abuse. 2010 Jul 1;19(3):223-243. doi: 10.1080/1067828X.2010.488960.
Although research has identified numerous neighborhood mechanisms influencing urban adolescent risk behaviors, less is known about how community contexts influence rural adolescents. This study explores perceived controls against adolescent drinking (i.e., tolerance of community adolescent alcohol use), adolescent perceptions of community supportiveness, and the prevalence of community alcohol use exhibited by adolescents and adults. Multilevel analyses were applied to 1,424 6(th) through 8(th) grade students residing in 22 rural communities in the Northern Plains. Perceptions of tolerance, prevalence, and support from 790 parents, teachers, and community leaders were also collected. Analyses revealed that community supportiveness and controls against drinking reduced both the decision to try alcohol and past month use among early adolescents. Adolescents were more likely to have ever tried alcohol if they lived in a community with higher peer prevalence than higher levels of adult alcohol prevalence, but in communities where peer drinking was lower; adolescents were more likely to have tried alcohol if they lived in a high adult-prevalence community. Perceived peer drinking was not related to past month use.
尽管研究已经确定了许多影响城市青少年危险行为的邻里机制，但对于社区环境如何影响农村青少年却知之甚少。本研究探讨了针对青少年饮酒的感知控制（即社区对青少年饮酒的容忍度）、青少年对社区支持性的感知，以及青少年和成年人表现出的社区饮酒流行率。对居住在北部平原22个农村社区的1424名六年级至八年级学生进行了多层次分析。还收集了790名家长、教师和社区领袖对容忍度、流行率和支持的看法。分析表明，社区支持性和对饮酒的控制减少了青少年尝试饮酒的决定以及过去一个月内的饮酒行为。如果青少年生活在同伴饮酒流行率较高而非成人饮酒流行率较高的社区，他们更有可能尝试过饮酒，但在同伴饮酒率较低的社区；如果青少年生活在成人饮酒流行率较高的社区，他们更有可能尝试过饮酒。感知到的同伴饮酒与过去一个月内的饮酒行为无关。
