Frasca Dominic R
Office of Emergency Operations, Office of Crisis Management, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA.
Biosecur Bioterror. 2010 Sep;8(3):265-71. doi: 10.1089/bsp.2010.0006.
The Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), through the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response (ASPR), coordinates federal Emergency Support Function (ESF) #8 preparedness, response, and recovery actions. To address these needs, the ASPR can draw on trained personnel from a variety of sources, both from within and outside HHS. Among the resources under the domain of HHS is the Medical Reserve Corps (MRC), directed by the Office of the Civilian Volunteer Medical Reserve Corps (OCVMRC) in the Office of the Surgeon General. MRC units are community based and function as a way to locally organize and utilize medical and public health professionals, such as physicians, nurses, pharmacists, dentists, veterinarians, and epidemiologists. Nonclinical volunteers, such as interpreters, chaplains, office workers, legal advisors, and others, can fill logistical and support roles in MRC units. This article discusses locally controlled (Hurricanes Gustav and Ike) and federalized (Hurricanes Katrina and Rita) MRC activations, and it describes the advantages of using medical volunteers in a large-scale disaster response setting.
美国卫生与公众服务部（HHS）部长通过助理部长准备与应对办公室（ASPR），协调联邦紧急支援功能（ESF）#8的准备、应对和恢复行动。为满足这些需求，ASPR可以从HHS内外的各种来源调用经过培训的人员。HHS领域内的资源之一是医疗预备队（MRC），由卫生局局长办公室的平民志愿医疗预备队办公室（OCVMRC）指导。MRC单位以社区为基础，作为一种在当地组织和利用医疗和公共卫生专业人员的方式，如医生、护士、药剂师、牙医、兽医和流行病学家。非临床志愿者，如口译员、牧师、办公室工作人员、法律顾问等，可以在MRC单位中担任后勤和支持角色。本文讨论了当地控制（古斯塔夫飓风和艾克飓风）和联邦化（卡特里娜飓风和丽塔飓风）的MRC激活情况，并描述了在大规模灾难应对环境中使用医疗志愿者的优势。
