North Carol S, King Richard V, Fowler Raymond L, Kucmierz Rita, Wade Jess D, Hogan Dave, Carlo John T
1Metrocare Services and the Departments of Psychiatry and Emergency Medicine of The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center,Dallas,Texas.
2Department of Emergency Medicine of The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center,Dallas,Texas.
Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2015 Aug;9(4):423-9. doi: 10.1017/dmp.2015.63. Epub 2015 May 26.
Large numbers of evacuees arrived in Dallas, Texas, from Hurricanes Katrina and Rita just 3 weeks apart in 2005 and from Hurricanes Gustav and Ike just 3 weeks apart again in 2008. The Dallas community needed to locate, organize, and manage the response to provide shelter and health care with locally available resources. With each successive hurricane, disaster response leaders applied many lessons learned from prior operations to become more efficient and effective in the provision of services. Mental health services proved to be an essential component. From these experiences, a set of operating guidelines for large evacuee shelter mental health services in Dallas was developed, with involvement of key stakeholders. A generic description of the processes and procedures used in Dallas that highlights the important concepts, key considerations, and organizational steps was then created for potential adaptation by other communities.
2005年，大量撤离人员相隔仅3周就从卡特里娜飓风和丽塔飓风中抵达得克萨斯州达拉斯；2008年，又有大量撤离人员相隔同样仅3周从古斯塔夫飓风和艾克飓风中抵达达拉斯。达拉斯社区需要找到、组织并管理应对措施，以便利用当地可用资源提供避难所和医疗服务。随着每一次接踵而至的飓风，灾害应对领导人汲取了许多从前行动中获得的经验教训，从而在提供服务方面变得更加高效和有效。事实证明，心理健康服务是一个重要组成部分。基于这些经验，在关键利益相关者的参与下，制定了一套达拉斯大型撤离人员避难所心理健康服务的操作指南。随后，针对达拉斯所采用的流程和程序进行了一般性描述，突出了重要概念、关键考虑因素和组织步骤，以供其他社区可能进行调整采用。
