Yoshioka H, Sakata H, Fujita K, Kakehashi H, Oka T, Kaeriyama M
Department of Pediatrics, Asahikawa Medical College, Japan.
Acta Paediatr Jpn. 1990 Dec;32(6):656-62. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-200x.1990.tb00900.x.
Quantitative fecal bacteriology was performed in eight immunocompromised children with septicemia. The most marked change observed was suppression of the anaerobic bacteria. In seven patients, the predominant organisms were aerobic gram-negative bacilli (GNB), and in six of these were the same as the causative organism of the septicemia. Thus, overgrowth of GNB in the gastrointestinal tract may result in invasion of the blood stream and septicemia in immunocompromised patients. To prevent this complication it is necessary to allow the normal intestinal flora to be maintained in these patients as long as possible. Antibiotics should therefore be prescribed with caution. For the same reason, use of immunosuppressive drugs should be kept to a minimum. Bacteriological examination of the stool and pharynx is useful in the management of immunocompromised patients.
对八名患有败血症的免疫功能低下儿童进行了定量粪便细菌学检查。观察到的最显著变化是厌氧菌受到抑制。七名患者中，主要病原体是需氧革兰氏阴性杆菌（GNB），其中六名患者的病原体与败血症的病原体相同。因此，胃肠道中GNB过度生长可能导致免疫功能低下患者发生血流侵袭和败血症。为预防这种并发症，有必要尽可能长时间维持这些患者正常的肠道菌群。因此，应谨慎使用抗生素。出于同样的原因，免疫抑制药物的使用应保持在最低限度。对粪便和咽部进行细菌学检查对免疫功能低下患者的管理很有用。
