Schupp Werner, Haubrich Julia, Neumann Iris
University of Ferrara, Private Practice, Hauptstr. 50, 50996 Cologne, Germany.
Int Orthod. 2010 Sep;8(3):253-67. doi: 10.1016/j.ortho.2010.07.010. Epub 2010 Sep 15.
The temporomandibular joint is one of the most complex joint systems in the human body. Craniomandibular disorders (CMD) are a common condition in which symptoms and signs may vary within a single individual and from one person to another. As anatomic and functional aspects of the craniomandibular system (CMS) and the upper cervical spine are closely interconnected, CMD need a close interdisciplinary approach combining orthopedics, manual medicine, orthodontics and dentistry. Splints as a therapeutic treatment instrument in CMD patients are widely accepted. The association of splint therapy and the Invisalign(®) system not only provides comfortable and almost invisible treatment but also constitutes a powerful instrument for the orthodontic treatment of the CMD patient. To this end, precise knowledge of the temporomandibular joint, temporomandibular disorders and treatment using removable and fixed splints is indispensable.
颞下颌关节是人体最复杂的关节系统之一。颅下颌紊乱病（CMD）是一种常见病症，其症状和体征在个体内部以及个体之间可能会有所不同。由于颅下颌系统（CMS）和上颈椎的解剖学及功能方面紧密相连，CMD需要骨科、手法医学、正畸学和牙科相结合的密切跨学科方法。夹板作为CMD患者的一种治疗工具已被广泛接受。夹板治疗与隐适美（®）系统相结合，不仅提供了舒适且几乎隐形的治疗，还构成了CMD患者正畸治疗的有力工具。为此，精确了解颞下颌关节、颞下颌紊乱病以及使用可摘式和固定式夹板的治疗方法是必不可少的。
