Owa J A, Dawodu A H
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
West Afr J Med. 1990 Oct-Dec;9(4):252-7.
Jaundice among Nigerian preterm infants under special care was studied to determine the incidence of clinical jaundice, the predisposing factors and outcome among those with significant hyperbilirubinaemia (SBR greater than or equal to 10mg/dl). The incidence of jaundice among 292 preterm infants over an 18-month period was 71.2%. The male: female ratio was 1:1.04. Of the 74 infants with serum bilirubin 10mg/dl or more, prematurity alone was the identified cause in 44 (59.5%), Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency and septicaemia were the only additional factors in 13 (17.6%) and 7 (9.5%) respectively, while multiple aetiological factors (prematurity, septicaemia and G-6-PD deficiency) were identified in six (8.1%) of the babies. Septicaemia was associated with higher mean bilirubin levels and the highest mortality. The two kernicteric infants in the study had septicaemia. Thus, the single most important cause of jaundice was prematurity. G-6-PD deficiency alone did not appear to increase the incidence and severity of hyperbilirubinaemia in this study. Septicaemia should be suspected and promptly treated in order to reduce mortality and risk of kernicterus among preterm infants with hyperbilirubinaemia.
对接受特殊护理的尼日利亚早产儿黄疸情况进行了研究，以确定临床黄疸的发生率、易感因素以及严重高胆红素血症（血清胆红素≥10mg/dl）患儿的预后。在18个月期间对292名早产儿进行研究，黄疸发生率为71.2%。男女比例为1:1.04。在74名血清胆红素≥10mg/dl的婴儿中，仅早产被确定为病因的有44名（59.5%），葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶（G-6-PD）缺乏和败血症分别是另外13名（17.6%）和7名（9.5%）婴儿的唯一附加因素，而6名（8.1%）婴儿存在多种病因（早产、败血症和G-6-PD缺乏）。败血症与较高的平均胆红素水平及最高死亡率相关。该研究中的两名核黄疸婴儿患有败血症。因此，黄疸的最重要单一病因是早产。在本研究中，单独的G-6-PD缺乏似乎并未增加高胆红素血症的发生率和严重程度。对于高胆红素血症的早产儿，应怀疑并及时治疗败血症，以降低死亡率和核黄疸风险。
