School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, PR China.
Public Health. 2010 Oct;124(10):573-80. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2010.06.001. Epub 2010 Sep 15.
On 12 May 2008, an earthquake with a magnitude of 8.0 on the Richter scale struck in Sichuan province, China. After the disaster, approximately 5 million people were living in temporary shelters. The objectives of this study were: (1) to provide the basic information on public health outcomes among the survivors; (2) to compare these outcomes between counties affected to differing extents by the earthquake; and (3) to identify important policies and programmes associated with public health outcomes.
Cross-sectional multicluster sample surveys were employed using data collected from two counties.
Cross-sectional surveys were conducted in August 2008 in two counties in Sichuan province. The study outcomes [physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS)] were measured using Short Form-12. Independent demographic, socio-economic and trauma exposure variables were also measured. Multivariate regression analysis was conducted to investigate associations between the independent variables and PCS and MCS outcomes.
In total, 3862 interviews were completed in the two counties. The mean PCS score was 37.6 [95% confidence interval (95% CI 35.13-41.97) in Beichuan county and 45.4 (95% CI 44.30-45.95) in Langzhong county. MCS scores were 36.8 (95% CI 33.61-40.71) in Beichuan county and 49.6 (95% CI 49.69-50.01) in Langzhong county, well below the instrument norm of 50. Variables with negative associations with physical or mental health included: female gender, living in a temporary shelter, higher income, deaths among family/friends, family property damaged and illness within the past 2 weeks. Higher frequencies of trauma exposure (more than six trauma exposure events) showed a strong significant negative association with PCS and MCS in both counties.
Interventions should be designed to focus on people without a household income (or a lower income), living in shelters or temporary houses. Governments should support income-generating activities and improve living conditions and public health status.
2008 年 5 月 12 日，中国四川省发生里氏 8.0 级地震。灾难发生后，约有 500 万人居住在临时住所。本研究的目的是：（1）提供幸存者公共卫生结果的基本信息；（2）比较受灾程度不同的两个县的结果；（3）确定与公共卫生结果相关的重要政策和方案。
采用多集群样本调查，数据来自两个县。
2008 年 8 月，在四川省两个县进行了横断面调查。使用 12 项简短形式量表（Short Form-12）测量研究结果（生理成分综合评分和心理成分综合评分）。还测量了独立的人口统计学、社会经济和创伤暴露变量。采用多元回归分析调查独立变量与生理成分综合评分和心理成分综合评分结果之间的关系。
两个县共完成 3862 次访谈。北川县平均生理成分综合评分 37.6（95%置信区间 35.13-41.97），中江县 45.4（95%置信区间 44.30-45.95）。北川县心理成分综合评分 36.8（95%置信区间 33.61-40.71），中江县 49.6（95%置信区间 49.69-50.01），均低于量表 50 的平均值。与生理或心理健康呈负相关的变量包括：女性、居住在临时住所、较高收入、家庭/朋友死亡、家庭财产受损和过去 2 周患病。在两个县，创伤暴露频率较高（超过 6 次创伤暴露事件）与生理成分综合评分和心理成分综合评分呈显著负相关。
干预措施应针对没有家庭收入（或收入较低）、居住在收容所或临时房屋的人群。政府应支持创收活动，改善生活条件和公共卫生状况。
