Novak Mario, Slaus Mario
Department of Archaeology, Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Ante Kovacića 5, Zagreb, Croatia.
J Anthropol Sci. 2010;88:189-206.
The paper presents the results of the bioarchaeological study of a Roman period (3rd-5th century) skeletal sample from Zadar, Croatia with the focus on subadult stress indicators (cribra orbitalia and dental enamel hypoplasia) and indicators of non-specific infectious diseases (periostitis). The total frequency of cribra orbitalia, an indicator of iron deficiency anaemia, in Zadar is 20.1%. Half of the subadult skeletons from Zadar exhibit signs of cribra orbitalia, of which two are in active form. Adults not affected by cribra orbitalia lived on average 4.5 years longer than individuals affected by this pathological change. Total frequency of dental enamel hypoplasia in adults is 61.1% with somewhat higher frequency in females. The frequency of periostitis in subadults (66.7%) is significantly higher than in adults (30.4%). A positive correlation was established between cribra orbitalia and periostitis in males. The presented data suggest relatively low quality of life in Roman Zadar, most probably due to the overcrowding inside the walled city which led to deterioration of sanitary conditions and the occurrence of infectious diseases.
本文展示了对克罗地亚扎达尔一个罗马时期（公元3至5世纪）骨骼样本进行生物考古研究的结果，重点关注亚成人应激指标（眶筛孔和牙釉质发育不全）以及非特异性传染病指标（骨膜炎）。扎达尔地区缺铁性贫血指标眶筛孔的总出现频率为20.1%。扎达尔地区一半的亚成人骨骼有眶筛孔迹象，其中两例为活跃形式。未受眶筛孔影响的成年人平均比受此病理变化影响的个体多活4.5年。成年人牙釉质发育不全的总出现频率为61.1%，女性的频率略高。亚成人骨膜炎的出现频率（66.7%）显著高于成年人（30.4%）。在男性中，眶筛孔与骨膜炎之间存在正相关关系。所呈现的数据表明，罗马时期扎达尔的生活质量相对较低，很可能是由于城墙内城市过度拥挤，导致卫生条件恶化和传染病的发生。
