Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Polar Environmental Centre, N-9296 Tromsø, Norway.
Environ Sci Technol. 2010 Oct 1;44(19):7705-10. doi: 10.1021/es101617k.
The purpose of this study was to investigate presence and potential accumulation of cyclic volatile methyl siloxanes (cVMS) in the Arctic environment. Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4), decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5), and dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (D6) were analyzed in sediment, zooplankton, Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), shorthorn sculpin (Myxocephalus scorpius), and bearded seal (Erignathus barbatus) collected from the Svalbard archipelago within the European Arctic in July 2009. Highest levels were found for D5 in fish collected from Adventfjorden, with average concentrations of 176 and 531 ng/g lipid in Atlantic cod and shorthorn sculpin, respectively. Decreasing concentration of D5 in sediment collected away from waste water outlet in Adventfjorden indicates that the local settlement of Longyearbyen is a point source to the local aquatic environment. Median biota sediment accumulation factors (BSAFs) calculated for D5 in Adventfjorden were 2.1 and 1.5 for Atlantic cod and shorthorn sculpin, respectively. Biota concentrations of D5 were lower or below detection limits in remote and sparsely populated regions (Kongsfjorden and Liefdefjorden) compared to Adventfjorden. The levels of cVMS were found to be low or below detection limits in bearded seal blubber and indicate a low risk for cVMS accumulation within mammals. Accumulation of cVMS in fish appears to be influenced by local exposure from human settlements within the Arctic.
本研究旨在调查环状挥发性甲基硅氧烷（cVMS）在北极环境中的存在及其潜在积累情况。于 2009 年 7 月，在欧洲北极的斯瓦尔巴群岛采集了沉积物、浮游动物、大西洋鳕鱼（Gadus morhua）、短须石首鱼（Myxocephalus scorpius）和髯海豹（Erignathus barbatus），并对其中的八甲基环四硅氧烷（D4）、十甲基环五硅氧烷（D5）和十二甲基环六硅氧烷（D6）进行了分析。在 Adventfjorden 采集的鱼类中，D5 的含量最高，大西洋鳕鱼和短须石首鱼的脂肪组织中分别平均含有 176 和 531ng/g 的 D5。远离 Adventfjorden 废水出口处采集的沉积物中 D5 的浓度逐渐降低，这表明当地的朗伊尔城是当地水生环境的一个点污染源。在 Adventfjorden，D5 的生物沉积物富集因子（BSAF）中位数分别为 2.1 和 1.5，适用于大西洋鳕鱼和短须石首鱼。与 Adventfjorden 相比，在偏远且人口稀少的 Kongsfjorden 和 Liefdefjorden 地区，D5 的生物浓度较低或低于检测限。髯海豹的鲸脂中也检测到了 cVMS 的低浓度或低于检测限，这表明 cVMS 在哺乳动物体内的积累风险较低。鱼类体内 cVMS 的积累似乎受到北极地区人类定居点的局部暴露影响。
