Department of Clinical Medicine, Otorhinolaryngology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Int J Audiol. 2010 Dec;49(12):920-7. doi: 10.3109/14992027.2010.510146. Epub 2010 Sep 14.
There are only a few large, population-based epidemiological studies on hearing impairment (HI) in adults. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of HI and possible differences between ears in older adults. The subjects (n = 850), aged 54-66 years, were randomly sampled from the population register. A questionnaire survey, an otological examination, and pure-tone audiometry were performed. Another questionnaire was mailed to collect information on non-participants. The prevalence of HI averaged over the frequencies of 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz for the better ear ≥20 dB HL was 26.7% (men: 36.8%, women: 18.4%). There was no difference between left and right ear pure-tone averages over the frequencies 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz (PTA(0.5-4 kHz)), but a significant difference of -0.8 dB HL was found for the low frequencies 0.125, 0.25, and 0.5 kHz (PTA(0.125-0.5 kHz)), and 4.4 dB HL for the high frequencies over 4, 6, and 8 kHz (PTA(4-8 kHz)). In conclusion, HI was a highly prevalent finding in this age group.
仅有少数几项针对成年人听力障碍（HI）的大型基于人群的流行病学研究。本研究旨在调查老年人听力障碍的患病率及双耳之间可能存在的差异。该研究的对象（n=850）为年龄在 54-66 岁之间的随机抽样人群，他们来自人口登记册。研究人员对其进行问卷调查、耳鼻喉科检查和纯音测听，还邮寄了另一份调查问卷以收集未参与者的信息。较好耳在 0.5、1、2 和 4 kHz 频率下的平均听阈≥20 dB HL 的听力障碍患病率为 26.7%（男性：36.8%，女性：18.4%）。左右耳在 0.5、1、2 和 4 kHz 频率的纯音平均听阈（PTA（0.5-4 kHz））之间没有差异，但低频（0.125、0.25 和 0.5 kHz）的 PTA（0.125-0.5 kHz）相差 0.8 dB HL，高频（4、6 和 8 kHz）的 PTA（4-8 kHz）相差 4.4 dB HL。综上所述，该年龄段人群的听力障碍患病率较高。
