Division of Diabetes Translation, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
Prev Med. 2009 Nov;49(5):360-4. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.07.021. Epub 2009 Aug 5.
To examine the secular change of the prevalence of hearing impairment over three decades in U.S. adults with and without diabetes.
The cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES, the 1971-1973 [NHANES I] and the 1999-2004 [NHANES 1999-2004]) were used. Average pure-tone audiometry thresholds in decibels (dB) at 1, 2, 3, and 4 kHz frequencies of the worse ear were used to represent the participants' hearing status. Any hearing impairment was defined as average pure-tone audiometry threshold of the worse ear >25 dB.
From 1971 to 2004, among adults without diabetes aged 25 to 69 years, the unadjusted prevalence of hearing impairment decreased from 27.9% to 19.1% (P<0.001), but among adults with diabetes there was no significant change (46.4% to 48.5%). After adjustment for age, sex, race, and education, the prevalence of hearing impairment in the NHANES I and NHANES 1999-2004, respectively, was 24.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 22.3-26.6%) and 22.3% (95% CI, 20.4-24.2) for adults without diabetes and 28.5% (95% CI, 20.4-36.6%) and 34.4 (95% CI, 29.1-39.7%) for adults with diabetes. The adjusted prevalence ratios of hearing impairment for persons with diabetes vs. those without diabetes was 1.17 (95% CI, 0.87-1.57) for the NHANES I and 1.53 (95% CI, 1.28-1.83) for NHANES 1999-2004.
Persons with diabetes have a higher prevalence of hearing impairment, and they have not achieved the same reductions in hearing impairment over time as have persons without diabetes.
研究美国患有和未患有糖尿病的成年人在过去 30 年中听力障碍流行率的变化趋势。
本研究使用了横断面全国健康和营养调查（NHANES，1971-1973 年[NHANES I]和 1999-2004 年[NHANES 1999-2004]）的数据。使用最差耳的 1、2、3 和 4 kHz 频率的纯音听阈平均值（dB）来代表参与者的听力状况。任何听力障碍都定义为最差耳的平均纯音听阈>25 dB。
1971 年至 2004 年，年龄在 25 至 69 岁之间、未患糖尿病的成年人中，未经调整的听力障碍患病率从 27.9%降至 19.1%（P<0.001），但患有糖尿病的成年人中这一患病率没有显著变化（46.4%至 48.5%）。在调整年龄、性别、种族和教育程度后，NHANES I 和 NHANES 1999-2004 中听力障碍的患病率分别为 24.4%（95%可信区间[CI]，22.3-26.6%）和 22.3%（95% CI，20.4-24.2%），无糖尿病的成年人分别为 28.5%（95% CI，20.4-36.6%）和 34.4%（95% CI，29.1-39.7%），患有糖尿病的成年人分别为 28.5%（95% CI，20.4-36.6%）和 34.4%（95% CI，29.1-39.7%）。患有糖尿病的人与无糖尿病的人相比，听力障碍的调整患病率比为 1.17（95% CI，0.87-1.57），NHANES I 为 1.53（95% CI，1.28-1.83）。
患有糖尿病的人听力障碍的患病率更高，而且他们的听力障碍并没有随着时间的推移而像未患有糖尿病的人那样得到同样的降低。
