Faculty of Nursing, Suez Canal University, Port-Said, Egypt.
J Nurs Manag. 2010 Sep;18(6):736-45. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2834.2010.01132.x. Epub 2010 Aug 16.
To study the leadership and management skills of first-line managers (FLMs) of elderly care and their work environment in Egypt and Sweden.
FLMs in Egypt and Sweden are directly responsible for staff and quality of care. However, FLMs in Sweden, in elderly care, have smaller units/organizations to manage than do their colleagues in Egypt. Furthermore, family care of the elderly has been the norm in Egypt, but in recent years institutional care has increased, whereas in Sweden, residential living homes have existed for a longer period.
A convenience sample of FLMs, 49 from Egypt and 49 from Sweden, answered a questionnaire measuring leadership and management skills, structural and psychological empowerment, job satisfaction and psychosomatic health.
In both countries, FLMs' perceptions of their leadership and management skills and psychological empowerment were quite high, whereas scores for job satisfaction and psychosomatic health were lower. FLMs had higher values in several factors/study variables in Egypt compared with in Sweden.
The work environment, both in Egypt and Sweden, needs to be improved to increase FLMs' job satisfaction and decrease stress. The cultural differences and levels of management have an effect on the differences between the two countries.
研究埃及和瑞典老年护理一线管理人员（FLM）的领导和管理技能及其工作环境。
埃及和瑞典的 FLM 直接负责员工和护理质量。然而，瑞典老年护理中的 FLM 管理的单位/组织比埃及的同事小。此外，在埃及，家庭照顾老年人是常态，但近年来机构照顾有所增加，而在瑞典，养老院已经存在了更长的时间。
采用便利抽样法，从埃及和瑞典各抽取 49 名 FLM 回答了一份问卷，该问卷衡量领导和管理技能、结构和心理授权、工作满意度和身心健康。
在这两个国家，FLM 对其领导和管理技能以及心理授权的看法都相当高，而工作满意度和身心健康的得分则较低。与瑞典相比，埃及的 FLM 在几个因素/研究变量上的得分更高。
需要改善工作环境，以提高 FLM 的工作满意度并减轻压力。文化差异和管理水平对这两个国家之间的差异有影响。
