Keast D, Elliott B
Department of Microbiology, University of Western Australia, Nedlands.
J Sports Sci. 1990 Winter;8(3):203-13. doi: 10.1080/02640419008732146.
This study examined the relationships between postural sway, aiming time, the cardiac cycle time and the placement of the first finger movement within the electrocardiac cycle, with the quality of the arrow shot. A small group of elite male and female archers who shot either the recurve or the compound bow, freestyle or bare bow was used in this study. A total of 240 arrows were shot, classified as being of good, average or bad quality and analysed in detail. The analyses were undertaken over two occasions up to 100 days apart. The area of postural sway, as measured by the movement of the centre of pressure coordinates, varied significantly (P less than 0.05-0.001) both within and between trials for all archers and for all quality of arrows shot. There was a tendency for the area of postural sway to increase as the quality of the arrow shot decreased. This increase in postural sway exceeded, for arrows of bad quality, that exhibited as normal postural sway when standing relaxed and addressing the target with the hands at the side. Aiming time was variable within the quality of arrow shot, although it was consistent for each archer. In some cases the aiming time increased as the quality of the arrow decreased, whereas in the case of bare bow archery the aiming time tended to decrease as the quality of the arrow deteriorated. The cardiac cycle time increased significantly (P less than 0.05-0.01) as the archers approached the loose of the good quality arrows but there was no significant increase in cardiac cycle time when arrows of average or bad quality were shot. The most consistent parameter related to the quality of the shot was the placement of the first finger movement within the ST phase or the mid-cycle phase of the electrocardiogram for arrows of good quality (P less than 0.0001).
本研究探讨了姿势晃动、瞄准时间、心动周期时间以及心电图周期中食指首次移动的位置与射箭质量之间的关系。本研究使用了一小群精英男女弓箭手，他们使用反曲弓或复合弓，采用自由式或裸弓射箭。共射出240支箭，分为质量好、中等或差三类，并进行了详细分析。分析在两次场合进行，间隔时间长达100天。通过压力中心坐标的移动测量的姿势晃动面积，在所有弓箭手以及所有射出箭的质量情况下，试验内和试验间均有显著变化（P小于0.05 - 0.001）。随着射出箭的质量下降，姿势晃动面积有增加的趋势。对于质量差的箭，这种姿势晃动的增加超过了站立放松且双手放在身体两侧瞄准目标时正常姿势晃动所表现出的程度。在射出箭的质量范围内，瞄准时间是可变的，尽管每个弓箭手的瞄准时间是一致的。在某些情况下，随着箭的质量下降，瞄准时间增加，而在裸弓射箭的情况下，随着箭的质量变差，瞄准时间往往会减少。当弓箭手射出质量好的箭接近放箭时刻时，心动周期时间显著增加（P小于0.05 - 0.01），但射出中等质量或差质量的箭时，心动周期时间没有显著增加。与射箭质量最相关的一致参数是质量好的箭在心电图的ST段或心动周期中期食指首次移动的位置（P小于0.0001）。
