妇产科医师对紧急避孕的信念：一项全国性调查。
Obstetrician-gynecologist physicians' beliefs about emergency contraception: a national survey.
机构信息
Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
出版信息
Contraception. 2010 Oct;82(4):324-30. doi: 10.1016/j.contraception.2010.04.151. Epub 2010 Jul 15.
BACKGROUND
Although emergency contraception (EC) is available without a prescription, women still rely on doctors' advice about its safety and effectiveness. Yet little is known about doctors' beliefs and practices in this area.
STUDY DESIGN
We surveyed 1800 US obstetrician-gynecologists. Criterion variables were doctors' beliefs about EC's effects on pregnancy rates, and patients' sexual practices. We also asked which women are offered EC. Predictors were demographic, clinical and religious characteristics.
RESULTS
Response rate was 66% (1154/1760). Most (89%) believe EC access lowers unintended pregnancy rates. Some believe women use other contraceptives less (27%), initiate sex at younger ages (12%) and have more sexual partners (15%). Half of physicians offer EC to all women (51%), while others offer it never (6%) or only after sexual assault (6%). Physicians critical of EC, males and religious physicians were more likely to offer it never or only after sexual assault (odds ratios 2.1-12).
CONCLUSION
Gender, religion and divergent beliefs about EC's effects shape physicians' beliefs and practices.
背景
尽管紧急避孕（EC）无需处方即可获得，但女性仍然依赖医生关于其安全性和有效性的建议。然而，关于医生在这方面的信念和做法，人们知之甚少。
研究设计
我们调查了 1800 名美国妇产科医生。标准变量是医生对 EC 对怀孕率影响的看法，以及患者的性行为。我们还询问了哪些女性提供 EC。预测因素是人口统计学、临床和宗教特征。
结果
回复率为 66%（1154/1760）。大多数（89%）认为 EC 的获得降低了意外怀孕率。一些人认为女性使用其他避孕药具较少（27%），开始性行为的年龄较小（12%），性伴侣较多（15%）。一半的医生为所有女性提供 EC（51%），而其他医生则从不提供 EC（6%）或仅在性侵犯后提供（6%）。对 EC 持批评态度的医生、男性和宗教医生更有可能从不提供 EC 或仅在性侵犯后提供（比值比 2.1-12）。
结论
性别、宗教和对 EC 效果的不同看法塑造了医生的信念和做法。
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