Discipline of Pathology and Cancer Biology Research Laboratory, Molecular Medicine Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Australia.
Pathology. 2010;42(6):507-11. doi: 10.3109/00313025.2010.508791.
Prostate cancer is a disease of the old and with increasing life expectancy, its incidence will continue to increase in the future. Control of prostate cancer has involved androgen ablation as a routine form of therapy. However, after an initial response, therapy-resistant clones can appear and result in cancer progression and metastasis with high mortality. The precise mechanisms for the development of androgen resistance are yet uncertain. It appears to be multi-factorial and relates not only to newly acquired genomic capabilities of the cancer cells but also to their interaction with their microenvironment. Overcoming cellular senescence is essential for oncogenesis. Although it seems to be a protective response for normal cells to avoid malignant transformation, senescence can on the other hand promote tumour progression. Interaction of senescent cancer cells with their microenvironment may be the key link to survival or regression of neoplastic cells. Hence, there is speculation that senescence may be a useful new target for therapy in the future. We review the role of senescence in prostate cancer and the effect of tumour microenvironment on androgen resistance.
前列腺癌是一种老年病，随着预期寿命的延长，其发病率在未来将继续上升。前列腺癌的治疗一直包括雄激素剥夺治疗作为常规治疗方法。然而，在初始反应后，可能会出现耐药克隆，导致癌症进展和转移，死亡率很高。雄激素耐药的确切机制尚不确定。它似乎是多因素的，不仅与癌细胞新获得的基因组能力有关，还与其微环境相互作用有关。克服细胞衰老对于致癌作用至关重要。虽然对于正常细胞来说，衰老似乎是一种避免恶性转化的保护反应，但衰老另一方面也可以促进肿瘤进展。衰老的癌细胞与其微环境的相互作用可能是肿瘤细胞存活或消退的关键环节。因此，有人推测衰老可能是未来治疗的一个有用的新靶点。我们回顾了衰老在前列腺癌中的作用以及肿瘤微环境对雄激素耐药性的影响。
