Williams Patricia B, Crandall Elizabeth, Sheppard John D
Thomas R Lee Center for Ocular Pharmacology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA.
Clin Ophthalmol. 2010 Sep 7;4:993-1001. doi: 10.2147/opth.s13479.
Over 50% of patients who seek treatment for allergies present with ocular symptoms. Our current ability to control ocular allergic symptoms is greater than ever before. Newer dual-acting topical eyedrops attack multiple facets of the allergic cascade. Azelastine has antihistaminic effects providing immediate relief, mast cell stabilization providing early-phase intervention, and inhibition of expression and activation of anti-inflammatory mediators which characterize the late phase of the immune reaction. The ophthalmic eyedrop formulation is approved for treatment of allergic conjunctivitis in adults and children aged over 3 years. In clinical trials comparing azelastine with other dual-acting eyedrops, such as levocabastine and olopatadine, azelastine was reported to be slightly less efficacious and to sting briefly upon administration. Even so, many patients experienced the full benefit of symptom relief, and preferred azelastine. As a broad-spectrum drug, azelastine offers many desirable properties for management of ocular allergies. Because it can often produce maximal effect with just twice-daily dosing, azelastine is a particularly good choice for the allergic population in whom minimizing exposure to topical products and preservatives is a key concern.
超过50%寻求过敏治疗的患者存在眼部症状。我们目前控制眼部过敏症状的能力比以往任何时候都更强。新型双效局部滴眼液可针对过敏反应的多个环节发挥作用。氮卓斯汀具有抗组胺作用,能迅速缓解症状,具有肥大细胞稳定作用,可进行早期干预,并能抑制免疫反应后期特征性的抗炎介质的表达和激活。该眼科滴眼液制剂已获批用于治疗3岁以上成人及儿童的过敏性结膜炎。在将氮卓斯汀与其他双效滴眼液(如左卡巴斯汀和奥洛他定)进行比较的临床试验中,据报道氮卓斯汀的疗效略低,且给药时会有短暂刺痛感。即便如此,许多患者仍充分体验到了症状缓解的益处,并更倾向于使用氮卓斯汀。作为一种广谱药物,氮卓斯汀在眼部过敏管理方面具有许多理想特性。由于它通常每日仅给药两次就能产生最大效果,对于那些将尽量减少局部产品和防腐剂暴露作为关键关注点的过敏人群来说,氮卓斯汀是一个特别好的选择。