Periodontics Division, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
J Appl Oral Sci. 2010 May-Jun;18(3):285-90. doi: 10.1590/s1678-77572010000300016.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of alveolar bone loss (BL) in healthy children treated at private pediatric dentistry clinics in Brasília, Brazil.
The research included 7,436 sites present in 885 radiographs from 450 children. The BL prevalence was estimated by measuring the distance from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) to alveolar bone crest (ABC). Data were divided in groups: (I) No BL: distance from CEJ to ABC is <2 mm; (II) questionable BL (QBL): distance from CEJ to ABC is >2 and <3 mm; (III) definite BL (DBL): distance from CEJ to ABC >3 mm. Data were treated by the chi-square nonparametric test and Fisher's exact test (p<0.05).
Among males, 89.31% were classified in group I, 9.82% were classified in group II and 0.85% in group III. Among females, 93.05%, 6.48% and 0.46% patients were classified in Group I, II and III, respectively. The differences between genders were not statistically significant (Chi-square test, p = 0.375). Group composition according to patients' age showed that 91.11% of individuals were classified as group I, 8.22% in group II and 0.67% in group III. The differences among the age ranges were not statistically significant (Chi-square test, p = 0.418). The mesial and distal sites showed a higher prevalence of BL in the jaw, QBL (89.80%) and DBL (79.40%), and no significant difference was observed in the distribution of QBL (Fisher's exact test p = 0.311) and DBL (Fisher's exact test p = 0.672) in the dental arches. The distal sites exhibited higher prevalence of both QBL (77.56%) and DBL (58.82%).
The periodontal status of children should never be underestimated because BL occurs even in healthy populations, although in a lower frequency.
本研究旨在评估巴西首都巴西利亚私人儿科牙医诊所治疗的健康儿童的牙槽骨丧失（BL）发生率。
研究纳入 450 名儿童的 885 张 X 光片的 7436 个位点。通过测量牙骨质-釉质界（CEJ）至牙槽嵴顶（ABC）的距离来估计 BL 发生率。数据分为三组：（I）无 BL：CEJ 至 ABC 的距离<2mm；（II）可疑 BL（QBL）：CEJ 至 ABC 的距离>2mm 且<3mm；（III）明确 BL（DBL）：CEJ 至 ABC 的距离>3mm。数据采用卡方非参数检验和 Fisher 确切检验（p<0.05）进行处理。
男性中，89.31%归入第 I 组，9.82%归入第 II 组，0.85%归入第 III 组。女性中，分别有 93.05%、6.48%和 0.46%的患者归入第 I、II 和 III 组。性别间差异无统计学意义（卡方检验，p=0.375）。根据患者年龄分组，91.11%的个体归入第 I 组，8.22%归入第 II 组，0.67%归入第 III 组。各年龄组间差异无统计学意义（卡方检验，p=0.418）。近中和远中位点的下颌骨 BL 发生率较高，QBL（89.80%）和 DBL（79.40%），且牙弓内 QBL（Fisher 确切检验 p=0.311）和 DBL（Fisher 确切检验 p=0.672）的分布无显著差异。远中位点的 QBL（77.56%）和 DBL（58.82%）发生率较高。
儿童的牙周状况绝不能被低估，因为即使在健康人群中也会发生 BL，尽管发生率较低。
