Oregon State University, Hermiston Agricultural Research and Extension Center, 2121 S. 1st St. Hermiston, OR 97838, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2010 Aug;103(4):1306-11. doi: 10.1603/ec09065.
Cultural practices and insecticide treatments and combinations were evaluated for effect on tuber damage by potato tuberworm, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in the Columbia basin of eastern Oregon and Washington. A range of intervals between initial application of several insecticides and vine-kill were tested to determine how early to implement a program to control potato tuberworm tuber damage. Esfenvalerate, methamidophos, and methomyl were applied at recommended intervals, with programs beginning from 28 to 5 d before vine-kill. All insecticide treatments significantly reduced tuber damage compared with the untreated control, but there was no apparent advantage to beginning control efforts earlier than later in the season. Esfenvalerate and indoxacarb at two rates and a combination of the two insecticides were applied weekly beginning 4 wk before and at vine-kill, and indoxacarb was applied at and 1 wk postvine-kill as chemigation treatments. Application of insecticides at and after vine-kill also reduced tuberworm infestation. 'Russet Norkotah' and 'Russet Burbank' plants were allowed to naturally senesce or were chemically defoliated. They received either no irrigation or were irrigated by center-pivot with 0.25 cm water daily from vine-kill until harvest 2 wk later. Daily irrigation after vine-kill reduced tuber damage, and chemical vine-kill tended to reduce tuber damage compared with natural senescence. Covering hills with soil provides good protection but must be done by vine-kill. Data from these trials indicate that the most critical time for initiation of control methods is immediately before and at vine-kill.
在俄勒冈州东部和华盛顿的哥伦比亚盆地，评估了文化习俗、杀虫剂处理和组合对马铃薯块茎蛾（Phthorimaea operculella（Zeller））（鳞翅目：Gelechiidae）造成的块茎损伤的影响。测试了几种杀虫剂初始施用与藤蔓枯萎之间的一系列间隔，以确定控制马铃薯块茎蛾块茎损伤的方案应多早开始实施。推荐间隔期施用了 esfenvalerate、methamidophos 和 methomyl，方案从藤蔓枯萎前 28 天到 5 天开始。与未处理的对照相比，所有杀虫剂处理均显著降低了块茎损伤，但在季节后期之前更早开始控制工作似乎没有明显优势。esfenvalerate 和 indoxacarb 以两种剂量以及两种杀虫剂的组合，从藤蔓枯萎前 4 周开始每周施药一次，并在藤蔓枯萎时和之后 1 周内进行化学灌溉施药。藤蔓枯萎后施用杀虫剂也减少了块茎蛾的侵扰。“Russet Norkotah”和“Russet Burbank”植株自然衰老或化学脱叶。它们要么不浇水，要么从藤蔓枯萎开始，每天通过中心枢轴以 0.25 厘米的水进行灌溉，直到 2 周后收获。藤蔓枯萎后进行每日灌溉可减少块茎损伤，与自然衰老相比，化学藤蔓枯萎往往会减少块茎损伤。用土壤覆盖土丘可以提供很好的保护，但必须在藤蔓枯萎时进行。这些试验的数据表明，开始控制方法的最关键时间是在藤蔓枯萎之前和当时。
