Department of Entomology, University of California, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2010 Aug;103(4):1474-82. doi: 10.1603/ec10003.
The seasonal density fluctuations of the carob moth, Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), were determined in a commercial date, Phoenix dactylifera L. garden. Four fruit categories (axil, ground, abscised green, and abscised brown) were sampled, and two carob moth life stages, eggs and immatures (larvae and pupae combined), were evaluated on these fruits. Based on the relative consistency of these eight sampling units (four fruit categories and two carob moth stages), four were used for the development of a binomial sampling plan. The average number of carob moth eggs and immatures on ground and abscised brown fruit was estimated from the proportion of infested fruit, and these binomial models were evaluated for model fitness and precision. These analyses suggested that the best sampling plan should consist of abscised brown dates and carob moth immatures by using a sample size of 100 dates. The performance of this binomial plan was evaluated further using a resampling protocol with 25 independent data sets at action thresholds of 7, 10, and 15% to represent light, medium and severe infestations, respectively. Results from the resampling program suggested that increasing sample size from 100 to 150 dates improved the precision of the binomial sampling plan. Use of this sampling plan will be the cornerstone of an integrated pest management program for carob moth in dates.
在商业枣园中，测定了角豆蛾（Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Zeller)）（鳞翅目：Pyralidae）的季节性密度波动。对四个果实类别（腋生、地面、脱落绿色和脱落棕色）进行了采样，并在这些果实上评估了角豆蛾的两个生命阶段，即卵和幼虫（幼虫和蛹合并）。基于这八个采样单元（四个果实类别和两个角豆蛾阶段）的相对一致性，选择了四个单元用于二项式抽样计划的制定。从受感染果实的比例估算了地面和脱落棕色果实上角豆蛾卵和幼虫的平均数量，并对角豆蛾卵和幼虫的二项式模型进行了拟合优度和精度评估。这些分析表明，最佳的抽样计划应由脱落棕色枣果和角豆蛾幼虫组成，抽样数量为 100 个枣果。进一步使用 25 个独立数据集的重采样协议，在 7%、10%和 15%的行动阈值下评估该二项式计划的性能，分别代表轻度、中度和重度感染。重采样程序的结果表明，将抽样数量从 100 增加到 150 个，提高了二项式抽样计划的精度。该抽样计划的使用将成为枣角豆蛾综合虫害管理计划的基石。
