Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2010 Aug;103(4):1508-16. doi: 10.1603/ec10069.
In laboratory experiments, a flameless catalytic infrared emitter, fueled by propane, was used to disinfest hard red winter wheat, Triticum aestivum L., containing different life stages of the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), an economically important insect species associated with stored wheat in Kansas. The emitter generates infrared radiation in the 3-7-microm range. The life stages of R. dominica exposed to infrared radiation included eggs, larvae in different stages of development, pupae, and 2-wk-old adults. A noncontact infrared thermometer measured grain temperatures continuously during exposures of infested wheat to infrared radiation. The grain temperatures attained were influenced by wheat quantity; distance from the emitter; and exposure time, which in turn influenced effectiveness against various life stages of H. dominica. In general, higher grain temperatures were attained in 113.5 g of wheat as opposed to 227.0 g, and at 8.0 cm from the emitter surface rather than at 12.7 cm, and during a 60-s exposure compared with a 45-s exposure. Logistic regression indicated the probability of death of various life stages of R. dominica was temperature dependent. The log odds ratios showed old larvae were less susceptible to infrared radiation than young larvae. Approximately > or = 94% mortality of all R. dominica life stages occurred when using 113.5 g of wheat, exposed for 60 s at a distance of 8.0 cm from the emitter, resulting in mean +/- SE wheat temperatures that ranged between 107.6 +/- 1.4 and 113.5 +/- 0.5 degrees C. Our results with small grain quantities show flameless catalytic infrared technology to be a promising tool for disinfestation of stored wheat.
在实验室实验中，使用无焰催化红外发射器，以丙烷为燃料，对含有不同生命阶段的小谷盗（Rhyzopertha dominica（F.））的硬红冬小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）进行消毒，小谷盗是一种与堪萨斯州储存小麦有关的重要经济昆虫。发射器在 3-7 微米范围内产生红外辐射。暴露于红外辐射的 R. dominica 的生命阶段包括卵、不同发育阶段的幼虫、蛹和 2 周龄成虫。非接触式红外温度计在受感染小麦暴露于红外辐射期间连续测量谷物温度。达到的谷物温度受小麦数量、与发射器的距离以及暴露时间的影响，而暴露时间反过来又影响对 H. dominica 的各种生命阶段的效果。一般来说，在 113.5 克小麦中比在 227.0 克小麦中达到更高的谷物温度，在离发射器表面 8.0 厘米处而不是在 12.7 厘米处，并且在 60 秒暴露期间比在 45 秒暴露期间达到更高的谷物温度。逻辑回归表明，各种 R. dominica 生命阶段的死亡概率取决于温度。对数几率比表明，老幼虫比幼虫对红外辐射的敏感性较低。当使用 113.5 克小麦，在距离发射器 8.0 厘米处暴露 60 秒时，所有 R. dominica 生命阶段的死亡率约为>或=94%，导致平均 +/- SE 小麦温度在 107.6 +/- 1.4 和 113.5 +/- 0.5 摄氏度之间。我们用小谷物量的结果表明，无焰催化红外技术是一种有前途的储存小麦消毒工具。
