Zahn Roland
University of Manchester, School of Psychological Sciences, Neuroscience and Aphasia Research Unit, Manchester, UK.
Top Magn Reson Imaging. 2009 Oct;20(5):279-89. doi: 10.1097/RMR.0b013e3181e8f215.
Despite the current enthusiasm for neuroimaging as a key method in translational neuroscience, there is a lack of debate about the nosological framework within which neuroimaging measures should be related to diagnostic categories. Here, the aim was to stimulate a debate about the role of cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging in mediating between molecular/genetic, clinical diagnostic, and symptom-based descriptions of neuropsychiatric disorders. The diagnostic role of neuroimaging in translational neuroscience is stressed, namely, to be combined with cognitive measures to define cognitive-anatomical syndromes as an intermediate diagnostic category that mediates between clinical diagnoses and psychoreactive as well as neurobiological etiologic factors. This multilevel approach will be illustrated by reviewing recent insights into the cognitive-anatomical basis of inappropriate social behavior and social knowledge in frontotemporal dementia and by discussing its implications for the study of neuropsychiatric disorders such as major depressive disorder in which neuroanatomical abnormalities are more subtle.
尽管目前人们热衷于将神经影像学作为转化神经科学的关键方法，但对于神经影像学测量应与诊断类别相关联的疾病分类框架，却缺乏相关讨论。在此，目的是激发一场关于认知神经科学和神经影像学在介导神经精神疾病的分子/基因、临床诊断及基于症状的描述之间所起作用的讨论。强调了神经影像学在转化神经科学中的诊断作用，即与认知测量相结合，以定义认知 - 解剖综合征，作为介于临床诊断与心理反应性以及神经生物学病因因素之间的中间诊断类别。通过回顾近期对额颞叶痴呆中不适当社会行为和社会知识的认知 - 解剖学基础的见解，并讨论其对神经精神疾病（如神经解剖学异常更为细微的重度抑郁症）研究的影响，来说明这种多层次方法。
