State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China.
Sci Total Environ. 2010 Nov 1;408(23):5715-22. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.08.052. Epub 2010 Sep 22.
The substance flow analysis (SFA) method was employed to examine phosphorus flow and its connection to water pollution in the city of Hefei, China, in 2008. As human activity is the driving force of phosphorus flux from the environment to the economy, the study provides a conceptual framework for analyzing an anthropogenic phosphorus cycle that includes four stages: extraction, fabrication and manufacturing, use, and waste management. Estimates of phosphorus flow were based on existing data as well as field research, expert advice, local accounting systems, and literature. The total phosphorus input into Hefei in 2008 reached 7810 tons, mainly as phosphate ore, chemical fertilizer, pesticides, crops and animal products. Approximately 33% of the total phosphorus input left the area, and nearly 20% of that amount was discharged as waste to surface water. Effluent containing excessive fertilizer from farming operations plays an important role in phosphorus overloads onto surface water; the other major emission source is sewage discharge. We also provide suggestions for reducing phosphorus emissions, for example reducing fertilizer use, recycling farming residues, and changing human consumption patterns.
采用物质流分析（SFA）方法，于 2008 年考察了中国合肥市磷流动及其与水污染的关系。由于人类活动是磷从环境流向经济的驱动力，因此该研究提供了一个分析人为磷循环的概念框架，该循环包括四个阶段：提取、制造和加工、使用以及废物管理。磷流动的估算基于现有数据以及实地研究、专家咨询、地方核算系统和文献。2008 年进入合肥市的总磷输入量达到 7810 吨，主要以磷矿石、化肥、农药、作物和动物产品的形式输入。总输入量的约 33%流出了该地区，其中近 20%以废物形式排入地表水。农业活动产生的含有过量肥料的废水在磷对地表水的过载方面起着重要作用；另一个主要的排放源是污水排放。我们还提出了减少磷排放的建议，例如减少化肥使用、回收农业残留物以及改变人类消费模式。
