Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
Phys Rev Lett. 2010 Jul 16;105(3):035301. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.035301. Epub 2010 Jul 15.
We study matter-wave scattering from an ultracold, many-body atomic system trapped in an optical lattice. The angular cross section of the target lattice for a matter wave is determined and is demonstrated to have a strong dependence on the many-body phase, superfluid, or Mott insulator. Analytical approaches are employed deep in the superfluid and Mott-insulator regimes, while intermediate points in the phase transition are treated numerically. Matter-wave scattering offers a convenient method for nondestructively probing the quantum many-body phase transition of atoms in an optical lattice.
我们研究了被囚禁在光学晶格中的超冷多体原子体系中的物质波散射。确定了物质波的目标晶格的角截面，并证明其强烈依赖于多体相、超流或莫特绝缘体。在超流和莫特绝缘区域深处采用了分析方法，而在相变的中间点则采用了数值处理。物质波散射为非破坏性探测光学晶格中原子的量子多体相变提供了一种便利的方法。
