MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms, Research Laboratory of Electronics, and Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
Phys Rev Lett. 2011 Oct 21;107(17):175302. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.175302.
We have observed Bragg scattering of photons from quantum degenerate ^{87}Rb atoms in a three-dimensional optical lattice. Bragg scattered light directly probes the microscopic crystal structure and atomic wave function whose position and momentum width is Heisenberg limited. The spatial coherence of the wave function leads to revivals in the Bragg scattered light due to the atomic Talbot effect. The decay of revivals across the superfluid to Mott insulator transition indicates the loss of superfluid coherence.
我们已经观察到了光子从量子简并的 ^{87}Rb 原子在三维光晶格中的布拉格散射。布拉格散射光直接探测了微观晶体结构和原子波函数，其位置和动量宽度受到海森堡限制。波函数的空间相干性导致布拉格散射光由于原子塔尔博特效应而出现复兴。在超导到莫特绝缘相变过程中，复兴的衰减表明了超导相干性的丧失。
