Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2010 Oct;36(5):1321-4. doi: 10.1037/a0019996.
There is considerable evidence that overlearned symbols, especially arrows, can orient attention to peripheral locations. In 2003, Pratt and Hommel showed that when 1 arrow is selected from a set of arrows, based on an attentional control setting for a specific target color, the selected arrow determines the orientation of attention. Recently, Leblanc and Jolicoeur (2010) reexamined this finding, and concluded that spatial proximity of the arrow to the target, not the symbolic value of the arrow, determines the orienting of attention. Here, we manipulated both the symbolic value of the cue (direction arrows or directionless circles) and the proximity of the cue to the peripheral target location (near or far), and found that although proximity does play a role in the orienting of attention (larger cuing effects were found with far cues than near cues), the symbolic content of the cue also plays an important role (larger cuing effects were found with arrows than circles). Thus, both the symbolic value and the spatial proximity of cues affect the orienting of attention.
有大量证据表明，经过反复学习的符号，尤其是箭头，可以将注意力引导到外围位置。2003 年，Pratt 和 Hommel 表明，当根据特定目标颜色的注意力控制设置从一组箭头中选择 1 个箭头时，所选箭头决定了注意力的方向。最近，Leblanc 和 Jolicoeur（2010 年）重新检验了这一发现，并得出结论，箭头与目标的空间接近程度而不是箭头的符号值决定了注意力的定位。在这里，我们同时操纵了线索的符号值（方向箭头或无方向的圆圈）和线索与外围目标位置的接近程度（近或远），发现尽管接近程度确实在注意力的定位中起作用（远线索比近线索产生更大的提示效应），但线索的符号内容也起着重要作用（箭头比圆圈产生更大的提示效应）。因此，线索的符号值和空间接近程度都影响注意力的定位。
