Kuhs H
Psychiatrischen Universitätsklinik Münster.
Z Klin Psychol Psychopathol Psychother. 1990;38(4):342-51.
In this psychopathological study the role of unfathomableness in the experience of anxiety is investigated from semistructured interviews of melancholic (N = 160) and neurotic depressive (N = 93) patients (diagnostic criteria acc. to ICD-9). In melancholic patients groundless anxiety is found as rarely as in the neurotic control group. The patients' reports about their experience of anxiety show that concrete and groundless anxiety are felt as equally unpleasant. Transitional forms between groundless and concrete anxiety can be identified, the frequency of which however, does not contribute to the distinction between melancholic and non-melancholic anxiety. Anxiety with interchangeable content, i.e. anxiety about all and everything (see Kraepelin's pantophobia) is mainly reported by melancholic patients. In contrast anxiety related to concrete situations (phobia) is almost exclusively restricted to neurotic depressive patients. On the one hand the empirical data point to the fact that unfathomableness is a fundamental and typical characteristic of anxiety, on the other hand the importance of unfathomableness in understanding the experience of anxiety in melancholia is stressed.
在这项精神病理学研究中，通过对160名忧郁症患者和93名神经症抑郁症患者（根据ICD - 9诊断标准）进行半结构化访谈，探究了不可捉摸性在焦虑体验中的作用。在忧郁症患者中，无端焦虑的出现频率与神经症对照组一样低。患者关于焦虑体验的报告表明，具体的和无端的焦虑同样令人不快。可以识别出无端焦虑和具体焦虑之间的过渡形式，然而其出现频率无助于区分忧郁症焦虑和非忧郁症焦虑。内容可互换的焦虑，即对一切事物的焦虑（见克雷佩林的泛恐惧症）主要由忧郁症患者报告。相比之下，与具体情境相关的焦虑（恐惧症）几乎完全局限于神经症抑郁症患者。一方面，实证数据表明不可捉摸性是焦虑的一个基本且典型的特征，另一方面，强调了不可捉摸性在理解忧郁症焦虑体验中的重要性。
