Matschke R G
ENT Department, Ruhr-University (RUB), Prosper-Hospital, Recklinghausen, FRG.
Acta Otolaryngol Suppl. 1990;476:69-73. doi: 10.3109/00016489109127257.
Tobacco, especially its content of nicotine, is a drug that has a powerful seductive effect and a dangerous risk of dependence. It is well known that smoking of cigarettes in the industrialized countries of Europe neutralizes an essential part of medical success in that tobacco-induced shortening of life is estimated to equal the possible medical extension of life. Nicotine is the best explored component of tobacco and its effects on heart circulation have been investigated by many research groups. Cigarette smoking raises the body's need for oxygen, because the carbon monoxide that is always inhaled with the smoke partially blocks the haemoglobin. Though acute and combined effects of nicotine and carbon monoxide have been established chronic diseases of the smoker cannot fully be declared. An attempt was made to define some correlation between smoking habits and the risk of a sudden hearing loss. All the patients who were treated in our clinic because of sudden hearing loss were asked to complete a questionnaire anonymously in order to get more reliable answers. However, the outcome was not very encouraging. Only three quarters of our patients responded to the questions, of these only 29% were smokers. However, half of the non-smokers were former smokers. The data are discussed in relation to other investigations.
烟草，尤其是其尼古丁含量，是一种具有强大诱惑作用且存在危险成瘾风险的毒品。众所周知，在欧洲工业化国家，吸烟抵消了医学成就的很大一部分，因为据估计，烟草导致的寿命缩短等同于医学可能延长的寿命。尼古丁是烟草中研究最为透彻的成分，许多研究小组都对其对心脏循环的影响进行了调查。吸烟会增加身体对氧气的需求，因为烟雾中总是会吸入一氧化碳，它会部分阻碍血红蛋白的功能。尽管尼古丁和一氧化碳的急性及综合影响已得到确认，但吸烟者的慢性疾病尚无法完全阐明。有人试图确定吸烟习惯与突发听力损失风险之间的某种关联。所有因突发听力损失在我们诊所接受治疗的患者都被要求匿名填写一份问卷，以便获得更可靠的答案。然而，结果并不十分令人鼓舞。我们只有四分之三的患者回答了问题，其中只有29%是吸烟者。然而，不吸烟者中有一半是曾经吸烟者。这些数据将与其他调查结果一同讨论。
