Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine of Monastir, Tunisia.
Cell Prolif. 2010 Oct;43(5):471-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2010.00697.x.
Poor therapeutic results have been reported for treatment of malignant melanoma; therefore in this study we have investigated inhibitory capacity of ethyl acetate, chloroform (Chl) and methanol extracts from Moricandia arvensis on mouse melanoma (B16-F0) and human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cell proliferation. Influence of Chl extract on percentage distribution in cell cycle phases and melanogenesis was also studied.
Cell viability was determined at various periods using the MTT assay, and flow cytometry was used to analyse effects of Chl extract on progression through the cell cycle and apoptosis. In addition, amounts of melanin and tyrosinase were measured spectrophotometrically at 475 nm.
Chl extract exhibited significant anti-proliferative activity after incubation with the two types of tumour skin cells. Morphological changes in B16-F0 cells, accompanied by increase of tyrosinase activity, and of melanin synthesis were observed, which are markers of differentiation of malignant melanoma cells. Furthermore, cell cycle analysis revealed that B16-F0 cells treated with Chl extract were arrested predominantly in G(1) phase.
Chl extract had the ability to reverse malignant melanoma cells from proliferative to differentiated state, thus providing a new perspective in developing novel strategies for prevention and treatment of malignant melanoma, possibly through consumption of the extract in an appropriate cancer prevention diet. Moreover, there is scope for the extract being introduced into cosmetic products as a natural tanning agent.
恶性黑色素瘤的治疗效果较差；因此，本研究探讨了野芝麻乙酸乙酯、氯仿（Chl）和甲醇提取物对小鼠黑色素瘤（B16-F0）和人角质形成细胞（HaCaT）增殖的抑制能力。还研究了 Chl 提取物对细胞周期各期百分比分布和黑色素生成的影响。
使用 MTT 测定法在不同时期测定细胞活力，并用流式细胞术分析 Chl 提取物对细胞周期进程和细胞凋亡的影响。此外，还通过分光光度法在 475nm 处测量黑色素和酪氨酸酶的含量。
Chl 提取物与两种肿瘤皮肤细胞孵育后表现出显著的抗增殖活性。观察到 B16-F0 细胞形态发生变化，伴随着酪氨酸酶活性和黑色素合成增加，这是恶性黑色素瘤细胞分化的标志物。此外，细胞周期分析表明，用 Chl 提取物处理的 B16-F0 细胞主要停滞在 G1 期。
Chl 提取物具有将恶性黑色素瘤细胞从增殖状态逆转为分化状态的能力，从而为开发预防和治疗恶性黑色素瘤的新策略提供了新的视角，可能通过在适当的癌症预防饮食中摄入提取物来实现。此外，该提取物有可能作为天然晒黑剂被引入化妆品产品中。
