Curr Probl Cardiol. 2010 Sep;35(9):453-504. doi: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2010.08.001.
Ventricular tachycardia (VT) may be monomorphic or polymorphic. Although commonly related to organic heart disease, a significant percentage of VTs are idiopathic (occurring in patients with otherwise normal hearts). Correctly identifying the substrate and mechanism of the tachycardia is essential for proper management. Although therapy for monomorphic VT associated with structural heart disease focuses on tachycardia suppression and reduction of sudden cardiac death (SCD) risk, idiopathic monomorphic VT generally does not entail an increased risk of SCD and treatment is aimed primarily at symptom reduction. Polymorphic VT associated with ischemia or an acquired precipitant that prolongs the QT interval should prompt reversal of underlying cause, in contrast to the congenital arrhythmia syndromes, which demand genetic testing to define the underlying problem. This review describes the diagnosis, mechanisms, etiology, and management of monomorphic and polymorphic VT, with attention to recent advances in biological understanding and the most current therapeutic recommendations.
室性心动过速（VT）可能是单形性或多形性的。尽管通常与器质性心脏病有关，但很大比例的 VT 是特发性的（发生在心脏 otherwise normal 的患者中）。正确识别心动过速的基质和机制对于正确管理至关重要。尽管与结构性心脏病相关的单形性 VT 的治疗侧重于抑制心动过速和降低心脏性猝死（SCD）风险，但特发性单形性 VT 通常不会增加 SCD 的风险，治疗主要旨在减轻症状。与缺血或延长 QT 间期的获得性诱发因素相关的多形性 VT 应促使纠正潜在原因，与先天性心律失常综合征形成对比，后者需要基因检测来确定潜在问题。本综述描述了单形性和多形性 VT 的诊断、机制、病因和管理，特别关注生物学理解的最新进展和最当前的治疗建议。
