Foissner Wilhelm, Blake Natalie, Wolf Klaus, Breiner Hans-Werner, Stoeck Thorsten
Universität Salzburg, FB Organismische Biologie, Salzburg, Austria.
Acta Protozool. 2010 Jan 22;48(4):291-319.
Using standard methods, we studied the morphology and 18S rDNA sequence of some peritrich ciliates from tank bromeliads of Costa Rica, Jamaica, and Ecuador. The new genus Orborhabdostyla differs from Rhabdostyla by the discoidal macronucleus. Two species from the literature and a new species from Ecuadoran tank bromeliads are combined with the new genus: O. previpes (Claparède and Lachmann, 1857) nov. comb., O. kahli (Nenninger, 1948) nov. comb., and O. bromelicola nov. spec. Orborhabdostyla bromelicola is a slender species with stalk-like narrowed posterior half and operculariid/epistylidid oral apparatus. An epistylidid relationship is also suggested by the gene sequence. Vorticella gracilis, described by Dujardin (1841) from French freshwater, belongs to the V. convallaria complex but differs by the yellowish colour and the number of silverlines. The classification as a distinct species is supported by the 18S rDNA, which differs nearly 10% from that of V. convallaria s. str. Based on the new data, especially the very stable yellowish colour, we neotypify V. gracilis with the Austrian population studied by Foissner (1979). Vorticella gracilis forms a strongly supported phyloclade together with V. campanula, V. fusca and V. convallaria, while Vorticellides astyliformis and Vorticella microstoma branch in a separate, fully-supported clade that includes Astylozoon and Opisthonecta. The new genus Vorticellides comprises five small (usually < 60 μm), barrel-shaped species with two epistomial membranes: V. aquadulcis (Stokes, 1887) nov. comb., V. astyliformis (Foissner, 1981) nov. comb., V. platysoma (Stokes, 1887) nov. comb., V. infusionum (Dujardin, 1841) nov. comb., and V. (Spinivorticellides) echini (King, 1931) nov. comb. Two of these species are redescribed in the present study: V. astyliformis and V. aquadulcis, which is neotypified with a Costa Rican population. Pseudovorticella bromelicola nov. spec. differs from the congeners by the location of the two contractile vacuoles and the number of silverlines.
我们采用标准方法，研究了来自哥斯达黎加、牙买加和厄瓜多尔凤梨科植物叶腋积水处的一些周丛生纤毛虫的形态和18S rDNA序列。新属Orborhabdostyla与Rhabdostyla的区别在于其盘状大核。文献中的两个物种以及来自厄瓜多尔凤梨科植物叶腋积水处的一个新物种被归入这个新属：O. previpes（克拉帕雷德和拉赫曼，1857年）新组合，O. kahli（嫩宁格，1948年）新组合，以及O. bromelicola新物种。Orborhabdostyla bromelicola是一种细长的物种，后半部呈柄状变窄，口器为盖纤虫类/柄纤虫类。基因序列也表明其与柄纤虫类存在亲缘关系。杜雅尔丹（1841年）从法国淡水中描述的纤细钟虫属于钟形钟虫复合体，但在颜色发黄和银线数量上有所不同。18S rDNA支持将其分类为一个独特的物种，它与钟形钟虫指名亚种的18S rDNA相差近10%。基于新的数据，特别是其非常稳定的发黄颜色，我们用福斯纳（1979年）研究的奥地利种群对纤细钟虫进行了新模指定。纤细钟虫与钟形钟虫、暗色钟虫和钟形钟虫形成一个得到有力支持的系统发育分支，而无柄钟虫和小口钟虫则分支到一个单独的、得到充分支持的分支中，该分支包括无柄虫属和后口虫属。新属无柄钟虫属包括五个小型（通常<60μm）、桶状的物种，有两个口旁膜：O. aquadulcis（斯托克斯，1887年）新组合，O. astyliformis（福斯纳，1981年）新组合，O. platysoma（斯托克斯，1887年）新组合，O. infusionum（杜雅尔丹，1841年）新组合，以及O.（Spinivorticellides）echini（金，1931年）新组合。本研究中重新描述了其中两个物种：O. astyliformis和O. aquadulcis，并用哥斯达黎加的一个种群对O. aquadulcis进行了新模指定。凤梨伪钟虫新物种在两个伸缩泡的位置和银线数量上与同属其他物种不同。
