Tapia-Conyer R, Medina-Mora M E, Sepúlveda J, De la Fuente R, Kumate J
División de Investigaciones Epidemiológicas y Sociales, Instituto Mexicano de Psiquiatría.
Salud Publica Mex. 1990 Sep-Oct;32(5):507-22.
A probabilistic household survey was made with the following objectives: to estimate the prevalence of consumption of tobacco, alcohol and legal and illegal drugs; to identify attitudes and values, risk factors and problems associated with the consumption of addictive substances in a population from 12 to 65 years old, which resides in the urban areas of Mexico. This survey forms part of the National Health Surveys System, and its sample design is based on the Master Sample Framework of the National Health Surveys System, which gathered information representative of the national population and for seven regions. In the elaboration of the questionnaire indicators proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO), validated for Mexico, were used as well as previous knowledge about the topic. Thirteen thousand and five interviews were made, of which 96.7 per cent were complete and 2.6 per cent were rejected. In the group from 12 to 17 years old, 32 per cent of the men and 23 per cent of the women already consumed alcoholic drinks. The age group with the largest proportion of men who were frequent drinkers is from 30 to 39 years of age, with 36.3 per cent. For women 34.0 per cent of the frequent drinkers were found in the 40 to 49 year age group. It was found that six per cent of the population from 18 to 65 years of age is alcohol dependent, 12.5 per cent of men and less than one per cent of women. The population which smokes reaches 26 per cent of the total, with 38.3 per cent of men and 14.4 per cent of women. Forty two and four per cent of smokers are from 18 to 29 years of age. Among the daily smokers, 17 per cent were considered dependent on cigarettes. Only 4.8 per cent of the population admits having consumed some type of drug on at least one occasion, with the men from 12 to 34 years old being the age group which is most affected by the use of drugs (8.5%). Active users in the last year made up 2.1 per cent and in the last month the proportion of active users was less than one per cent. The most frequently used drug was marihuana (1%), the second used were tranquilizers (0.4%), and the third most frequently used were inhalants (glue, thinner) (0.26%). The most commonly consumed drug by male users was marihuana and by female users the most commonly used drug was stimulants.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
开展了一项概率性家庭调查，目标如下：估计烟草、酒精以及合法和非法药物的消费流行率；确定12至65岁居住在墨西哥城市地区人群中与成瘾物质消费相关的态度和价值观、风险因素及问题。这项调查是国家卫生调查系统的一部分，其样本设计基于国家卫生调查系统的主样本框架，该框架收集了代表全国人口以及七个地区的信息。在编制问卷时，使用了世界卫生组织（WHO）提议并经墨西哥验证的指标以及关于该主题的先前知识。共进行了13005次访谈，其中96.7%的访谈完整，2.6%被拒访。在12至17岁的人群中，32%的男性和23%的女性已饮用酒精饮料。男性中经常饮酒比例最高的年龄组是30至39岁，为36.3%。女性中，40至49岁年龄组的经常饮酒者占34.0%。发现18至65岁的人群中有6%酒精依赖，男性为12.5%，女性不到1%。吸烟人群占总数的26 %，男性为38.3%，女性为14.4%。42.4%的吸烟者年龄在18至29岁。在每日吸烟者中，17%被认为对香烟有依赖。只有4.8%的人口承认至少有过一次某种药物的消费经历，12至34岁的男性是受药物使用影响最大的年龄组（8.5%）。去年的活跃使用者占2.1%，上个月活跃使用者的比例不到1%。最常使用的药物是大麻（1%），其次是镇静剂（0.4%），第三是吸入剂（胶水、稀释剂）（0.26%）。男性使用者最常消费的药物是大麻，女性使用者最常使用的药物是兴奋剂。（摘要截选至250字）
